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Cephalic phase. The cephalic phase of digestion is the stage in which the stomach responds to the mere sight, smell, taste, or thought of food. About 20% of total acid secretion occurs before food enters the stomach. These sensory and mental inputs converge on the hypothalamus to induce the responses needed for preparing the gastrointestinal ...
Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and good health. [1] Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, food security, or a poor understanding of nutritional requirements. [2]
Digestion. Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food compounds into small water-soluble components so that they can be absorbed into the blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream. Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes ...
quern-stone. mill. A mortar and pestle is a set of two simple tools used to prepare ingredients or substances by crushing and grinding them into a fine paste or powder in the kitchen, laboratory, and pharmacy. The mortar (/ ˈmɔːrtər /) is characteristically a bowl, typically made of hardwood, metal, ceramic, or hard stone such as granite.
Food preservation may also include processes that inhibit visual deterioration, such as the enzymatic browning reaction in apples after they are cut during food preparation. By preserving food , food waste can be reduced, which is an important way to decrease production costs and increase the efficiency of food systems , improve food security ...
Food pyramid (nutrition) A food pyramid is a representation of the optimal number of servings to be eaten each day from each of the basic food groups. [2] The first pyramid was published in Sweden in 1974. [3][4][5] The 1992 pyramid introduced by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) was called the "Food Guide Pyramid" or "Eating ...
Deep frying – food is submerged in hot oil or fat. This is normally performed with a deep fryer or chip pan. Gentle frying. Hot salt frying. Pan frying – cooking food in a pan using a small amount of cooking oil or fat as a heat transfer agent and to keep the food from sticking. Pressure frying.
Basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy per unit of time that a person needs to keep the body functioning at rest. Some of those processes are breathing, blood circulation, controlling body temperature, cell growth, brain and nerve function, and contraction of muscles. Basal metabolic rate affects the rate that a person burns calories and ...