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Manganese is a chemical element; it has symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard, brittle, silvery metal, often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese was first isolated in the 1770s. It is a transition metal with a multifaceted array of industrial alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels.
A permanganate (/ pərˈmæŋɡəneɪt, pɜːr -/) [1] is a chemical compound with the manganate (VII) ion, MnO−. 4, the conjugate base of permanganic acid. Because the manganese atom has a +7 oxidation state, the permanganate (VII) ion is a strong oxidising agent. The ion is a transition metal ion with a tetrahedral structure. [2]
Manganese(II) sulfide is a chemical compound of manganese and sulfur. It occurs in nature as the mineral alabandite (isometric), rambergite (hexagonal), and recently found browneite (isometric, with sphalerite-type structure, extremely rare, known only from a meteorite).
Manganate. In inorganic nomenclature, a manganate is any negatively charged molecular entity with manganese as the central atom. [1] However, the name is usually used to refer to the tetraoxidomanganate (2−) anion, MnO 2−. 4, also known as manganate (VI) because it contains manganese in the +6 oxidation state. [1]
Manganese (II) sulfate usually refers to the inorganic compound with the formula MnSO 4 ·H 2 O. This pale pink deliquescent solid is a commercially significant manganese (II) salt. Approximately 260,000 tonnes of manganese (II) sulfate were produced worldwide in 2005. It is the precursor to manganese metal and many other chemical compounds.
The manganese 3d band is above the oxygen 2p band, resulting in manganese's high chemical stability. The cobalt and nickel 3d bands overlap the oxygen 2p band, allowing them to charge to their 4+ oxidation states without the oxygen ions losing electron density. [22]
Naturally occurring manganese (25 Mn) is composed of one stable isotope, 55 Mn. Twenty-seven radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 53 Mn with a half-life of 3.7 million years, 54 Mn with a half-life of 312.3 days, and 52 Mn with a half-life of 5.591 days. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that ...
Manganese (II) chloride is the di chloride salt of manganese, MnCl 2. This inorganic chemical exists in the anhydrous form, as well as the di hydrate (MnCl 2 ·2H 2 O) and tetrahydrate (MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O), with the tetrahydrate being the most common form. Like many Mn (II) species, these salts are pink, with the paleness of the color being ...