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Spot welding (or resistance spot welding[1]) is a type of electric resistance welding used to weld various sheet metal products, through a process in which contacting metal surface points are joined by the heat obtained from resistance to electric current. The process uses two shaped copper alloy electrodes to concentrate welding current into a ...
Electric resistance welding. Electric resistance welding (ERW) is a welding process in which metal parts in contact are permanently joined by heating them with an electric current, melting the metal at the joint. [1] Electric resistance welding is widely used, for example, in manufacture of steel pipe and in assembly of bodies for automobiles. [2]
Electron-beam welding (EBW) is a fusion welding process in which a beam of high-velocity electrons is applied to two materials to be joined. The workpieces melt and flow together as the kinetic energy of the electrons is transformed into heat upon impact. EBW is often performed under vacuum conditions to prevent dissipation of the electron beam.
Friction stir spot welding of stamped sheets. In friction stir spot welding, individual spot welds are created by pressing a rotating tool with high force onto the top surface of two sheets that overlap each other in the lap joint. The frictional heat and the high pressure plastify the workpiece material, so that the tip of the pin plunges into ...
Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), also known as manual metal arc welding (MMA or MMAW), flux shielded arc welding[1] or informally as stick welding, is a manual arc welding process that uses a consumable electrode covered with a flux to lay the weld. An electric current, in the form of either alternating current or direct current from a ...
Two pointed electrodes apply pressure and current to two or more thin workpieces. Automobile industry, Aerospace industry. Resistance seam welding [6] 22. RSEW. Two wheel-shaped electrodes roll along workpieces, applying pressure and current. Aerospace industry, steel drums, tubing. Projection welding. 23.
A schematic of submerged arc welding. Pieces of slag from submerged arc welding exhibiting glassy surface due to silica (SiO 2). Submerged arc welding (SAW) is a common arc welding process. The first SAW patent was taken out in 1935. The process requires a continuously fed consumable solid or tubular (metal cored) electrode. [1]
Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that uses a non-consumable tool to join two facing workpieces without melting the workpiece material. [1][2] Heat is generated by friction between the rotating tool and the workpiece material, which leads to a softened region near the FSW tool. While the tool is traversed along the ...