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  2. Material requirements planning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_requirements_planning

    Independent demand is demand originating outside the plant or production system, while dependent demand is demand for components. The bill of materials (BOM) specifies the relationship between the end product (independent demand) and the components (dependent demand). MRP takes as input the information contained in the BOM.

  3. Independent goods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_goods

    Independent goods are goods that have a zero cross elasticity of demand. Changes in the price of one good will have no effect on the demand for an independent good. Thus independent goods are neither complements nor substitutes . For example, a person's demand for nails is usually independent of his or her demand for bread, since they are two ...

  4. Supply and demand - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_and_demand

    Supply chain as connected supply and demand curves. In microeconomics, supply and demand is an economic model of price determination in a market. It postulates that, holding all else equal, the unit price for a particular good or other traded item in a perfectly competitive market, will vary until it settles at the market-clearing price, where ...

  5. Cross elasticity of demand - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_elasticity_of_demand

    Economics. In economics, the cross (or cross-price) elasticity of demand (XED) measures the effect of changes in the price of one good on the quantity demanded of another good. This reflects the fact that the quantity demanded of good is dependent on not only its own price (price elasticity of demand) but also the price of other "related" good.

  6. Elasticity (economics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elasticity_(economics)

    In economics, elasticity measures the responsiveness of one economic variable to a change in another. [1] For example, if the price elasticity of the demand of a good is -2, then a 10% increase in price will cause the quantity demanded to fall by 20%. Elasticity in economics provides an understanding of changes in the behavior of the buyers and ...

  7. Dependent and independent variables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependent_and_independent...

    Dependent and independent variables. A variable is considered dependent if it depends on an independent variable. Dependent variables are studied under the supposition or demand that they depend, by some law or rule (e.g., by a mathematical function), on the values of other variables. Independent variables, in turn, are not seen as depending on ...

  8. Law of demand - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_demand

    In microeconomics, the law of demand is a fundamental principle which states that there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. In other words, "conditional on all else being equal, as the price of a good increases (↑), quantity demanded will decrease (↓); conversely, as the price of a good decreases (↓), quantity ...

  9. Production function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_function

    Graph of total, average, and marginal product. In economics, a production function gives the technological relation between quantities of physical inputs and quantities of output of goods. The production function is one of the key concepts of mainstream neoclassical theories, used to define marginal product and to distinguish allocative ...