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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or electroshock therapy (EST) is a psychiatric treatment during which a generalized seizure (without muscular convulsions) is electrically induced to manage refractory mental disorders. [1] Typically, 70 to 120 volts are applied externally to the patient's head, resulting in approximately 800 milliamperes of ...
Before the 20th century, observations of the relationship between mental health and the physical body began to take place in the world of psychiatry. Between 1917 and 1934, there were developments in treating mental illnesses by physical means. Eventually by 1938, ECT was first used in Italy by neurologist Ugo Cerletti to treat schizophrenia.
Budget. $3.5 million [citation needed] Shock Treatment is a 1981 American musical comedy film directed by Jim Sharman, and co-written by Sharman and Richard O'Brien. It is a follow-up to the 1975 film The Rocky Horror Picture Show. While not an outright sequel, the film does feature characters from the previous film, most portrayed by different ...
The legal fight over the facility began in 1985, when the state sought to ban the shock treatment. JRC and families of residents sued, and the case resulted in a consent decree in 1987 that ...
Shock therapy describes a set of techniques used in psychiatry to treat depressive disorder or other illnesses. It covers multiple forms, such as inducing seizures or other extreme brain states, or acting as a painful method of aversive conditioning. [1] Two types of shock therapy are currently practiced: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), in ...
Lou Reed, American singer-songwriter [42][43] Marilyn Rice, anti-electroconvulsive therapy activist [44] Paul Robeson, American bass singer and actor [45] Yves Saint-Laurent, French fashion designer [46] Peggy S. Salters, from South Carolina, in 2005 became the first survivor of electroshock treatment in the United States to win a jury verdict ...
The graduated electronic decelerator ( GED) is a torture device that delivers powerful electric shocks to the skin, described by the United Nations as torture, created by Matthew Israel for use on people at the Judge Rotenberg Center as part of the institution's behavior modification program. The school has since been condemned for torture by ...
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT, in the past sometimes called electric convulsion therapy, convulsion treatment or electroplexy) is a controversial psychiatric treatment in which seizures are induced with electricity. [1] ECT was first used in the United Kingdom in 1939 and, although its use has been declining for several decades, it was still ...