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The study of slavery in Ancient Greece remains a complex subject, in part because of the many different levels of servility, from traditional chattel slave through various forms of serfdom, such as helots, penestai, and several other classes of non-citizens.
The chattel slave is an individual deprived of liberty and forced to submit to an owner, who may buy, sell, or lease them like any other chattel. [5] The academic study of slavery in ancient Greece is beset by significant methodological problems. [6] Documentation is disjointed and very fragmented, focusing primarily on the city-state of Athens ...
It is estimated that in Athens, the majority of citizens owned at least one slave. Most ancient writers considered slavery not only natural but necessary, but some isolated debate began to appear, notably in Socratic dialogues. The Stoics produced the first condemnation of slavery recorded in history. [19]
As a social institution, chattel slavery classes slaves as chattels (personal property) owned by the enslaver; like livestock, they can be bought and sold at will. [23] Chattel slavery was historically the normal form of slavery and was practiced in places such as the Roman Empire and classical Greece, where it was considered a keystone of society.
The study of slavery in Ancient Greece remains a complex subject, in part because of the many different levels of servility, from traditional chattel slavery through various forms of serfdom, such as Helots, Penestai, and several other classes of a non-citizen. Athens had various categories of slave, such as:
OPINION: Part one of theGrio’s Black History Month series explores the myths, misunderstandings and mischaracterizations of America’s slaveholding past. The post Black History/White Lies: The ...
Slave armies were deployed by Sultans and Caliphs at various medieval era war fronts across the Islamic Empires, [121] [133] playing an important role in the expansion of Islam in Africa and elsewhere. [134] Slavery of men and women in Islamic states such as the Ottoman Empire, states Ze'evi, continued through the early twentieth century. [114]
After World War II, chattel slavery was formally abolished by law in almost the entire world, with the exception of the Arabian Peninsula and some parts of Africa. Chattel slavery was still legal in Saudi Arabia, in Yemen, in the Trucial States and in Oman, and slaves were supplied to the Arabian Peninsula via the Red Sea slave trade.