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A bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsMAb, BsAb) is an artificial protein that can simultaneously bind to two different types of antigen or two different epitopes on the same antigen. [1] Naturally occurring antibodies typically only target one antigen. BsAbs can be manufactured in several structural formats.
[9] [10] It is a bispecific GPRC5D-directed CD3 T-cell engager. [9] Talquetamab is a bispecific antibody against two targets: human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), a tumor-associated antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. [11]
Epcoritamab, sold under the brand name Epkinly, is a monoclonal antibody anticancer medication used for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. [4] [7] Epcoritamab is a bispecific CD20-directed CD3 T-cell engager. [4] [7] Epcoritamab was co-developed by AbbVie and Genmab. [8]
sdAb: single-domain antibody; BsAb: bispecific monoclonal antibody: 3funct: trifunctional antibody; BiTE: bi-specific T-cell engager; This list of over 500 monoclonal antibodies includes approved and investigational drugs as well as drugs that have been withdrawn from market; consequently, the column Use does not
It is a bispecific T-cell engager that binds delta-like ligand 3 and CD3. [4] The most common adverse reactions include cytokine release syndrome, fatigue, pyrexia, dysgeusia, decreased appetite, musculoskeletal pain, and constipation, anemia and nausea. [5] Tarlatamab was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2024.
The bispecific antibodies have arrived in the clinic. In 2009, the bispecific antibody catumaxomab was approved in the European Union [40] [41] and was later withdrawn for commercial reasons. [42] Others include amivantamab, blinatumomab, teclistamab, and emicizumab. [43]
The antibody treatment, sasanlimab, in combination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine met the main goal of the study in patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC ...
Along scFv and Fab fragments, diabodies or bispecific recombinant antibodies are the third major format. [5] Bispecific antibodies combine two different antigen binding specificities within one molecule. [10] The bispecific antibodies are used to crosslink the target molecules with two different cells and mediate direct cytotoxicity. [13] [14]