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Training needs analysis is the first stage in the training process and involves a series of steps that reveal whether training will help to solve the problem which has been identified. Training can be described as “the acquisition of skills, concepts or attitudes that result in improved performance within the job environment”.
A needs assessment is a systematic process for determining and addressing needs, or "gaps", between current conditions, and desired conditions, or "wants". [1]Needs assessments can help improve policy or program decisions, individuals, education, training, organizations, communities, or products.
Person analysis is a phase of training needs analysis directed at identifying which individuals within an organization should receive training and what training they should receive. [1] A person analysis identifies individuals who are not meeting the desired performance requirements or goals.
Affective training concerns teaching individuals to develop specific attitudes or beliefs that predispose trainees to behave a certain way (e.g., show commitment to the organization, appreciate diversity). [104] A needs assessment, an analysis of corporate and individual goals, is often undertaken prior to the development of a training program.
Much of the actual focus has been on training and educational inputs [9] where it may be a euphemism for education and training. [10] For example, UNDP focuses on training needs in its assessment methodology rather than on actual performance goals. [11]
Assessment in relation to social needs [8] This entails assessing the program theory by relating it to the needs of the target population the program is intended to serve. If the program theory fails to address the needs of the target population it will be rendered ineffective even when if it is well implemented. [8]
The needs assessment can predict the degree of effectiveness of training and development programs and how closely the needs were met, the execution of the training (i.e. how effective the trainer was), and trainee characteristics (e.g. motivation, cognitive abilities). [28]
A performance appraisal, also referred to as a performance review, performance evaluation, [1] (career) development discussion, [2] or employee appraisal, sometimes shortened to "PA", [a] is a periodic and systematic process whereby the job performance of an employee is documented and evaluated.