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The Archimedean spiral (also known as Archimedes' spiral, the arithmetic spiral) is a spiral named after the 3rd-century BC Greek mathematician Archimedes. The term Archimedean spiral is sometimes used to refer to the more general class of spirals of this type (see below), in contrast to Archimedes' spiral (the specific arithmetic spiral of ...
One arm of an Archimedean spiral with equation r(φ) = φ / 2π for 0 < φ < 6π The Archimedean spiral is a spiral discovered by Archimedes which can also be expressed as a simple polar equation. It is represented by the equation r ( φ ) = a + b φ . {\displaystyle r(\varphi )=a+b\varphi .}
Equation Comment Circle = The trivial spiral Archimedean spiral (also arithmetic spiral) c. 320 BC = + Fermat's spiral (also parabolic spiral) 1636 [1] = Euler spiral (also Cornu spiral or polynomial spiral) 1696 [2]
An Archimedean spiral is, for example, generated while coiling a carpet. [5] A hyperbolic spiral appears as image of a helix with a special central projection (see diagram). A hyperbolic spiral is some times called reciproke spiral, because it is the image of an Archimedean spiral with a circle-inversion (see below). [6]
A logarithmic spiral, equiangular spiral, or growth spiral is a self-similar spiral curve that often appears in nature. The first to describe a logarithmic spiral was Albrecht Dürer (1525) who called it an "eternal line" ("ewige Linie").
Conical spiral with an archimedean spiral as floor projection Floor projection: Fermat's spiral Floor projection: logarithmic spiral Floor projection: hyperbolic spiral. In mathematics, a conical spiral, also known as a conical helix, [1] is a space curve on a right circular cone, whose floor projection is a plane spiral.
In the geometry of spirals, the pitch angle [1] or pitch [2] of a spiral is the angle made by the spiral with a circle through one of its points, centered at the center of the spiral. Equivalently, it is the complementary angle to the angle made by the vector from the origin to a point on the spiral, with the tangent vector of the spiral at the ...
The length of the curve is given by the formula = | ′ | where | ′ | is the Euclidean norm of the tangent vector ′ to the curve. To justify this formula, define the arc length as limit of the sum of linear segment lengths for a regular partition of [ a , b ] {\displaystyle [a,b]} as the number of segments approaches infinity.