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Although nearly 100% sulfuric acid solutions can be made, the subsequent loss of SO 3 at the boiling point brings the concentration to 98.3% acid. The 98.3% grade, which is more stable in storage, is the usual form of what is described as "concentrated sulfuric acid".
Typically, above concentrations of 98.3%, sulfuric acid will undergo a spontaneous decomposition into sulfur trioxide and water H 2 SO 4 ⇌ SO 3 + H 2 O This means that sulfuric acid above said concentration will readily degenerate until it reaches 98.3%; this is impractical in some applications such as synthesis where anhydrous conditions are ...
Molecular models of the different molecules active in Piranha solution: peroxysulfuric acid (H 2 SO 5) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). Piranha solution, also known as piranha etch, is a mixture of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2).
When sucrose is dehydrated, heat is given out to the surroundings in an exothermic reaction, while graphite and liquid water are produced by the decomposition of the sugar: [3] C 12 H 22 O 11 ( s ) + H 2 SO 4 ( aq ) + 1/2 O 2 ( g ) → 11 C ( s ) + CO 2 ( g ) + 12 H 2 O ( g ) + SO 2 ( g )
Heating at higher temperatures results in decomposition into ammonia, nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, and water. [17] As a salt of a strong acid (H 2 SO 4) and weak base (NH 3), its solution is acidic; the pH of 0.1 M solution is 5.5. In aqueous solution the reactions are those of NH + 4 and SO 2− 4 ions.
Sulfurous acid is commonly known to not exist in its free state, and due to this, it is stated in textbooks that it cannot be isolated in the water-free form. [4] However, the molecule has been detected in the gas phase in 1988 by the dissociative ionization of diethyl sulfite. [5]
Silver sulfate precipitates as a solid when an aqueous solution of silver nitrate is treated with sulfuric acid: . 2 AgNO 3 + H 2 SO 4 → Ag 2 SO 4 + 2 HNO 3. It is purified by recrystallization from concentrated sulfuric acid, a step that expels traces of nitrate. [7]
The important sulfur cycle is a biogeochemical cycle in which the sulfur moves between rocks, waterways and living systems. It is important in geology as it affects many minerals and in life because sulfur is an essential element (), being a constituent of many proteins and cofactors, and sulfur compounds can be used as oxidants or reductants in microbial respiration. [1]