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Technicians preparing a body for cryopreservation in 1985. Cryonics (from Greek: κρύος kryos, meaning "cold") is the low-temperature freezing (usually at −196 °C or −320.8 °F or 77.1 K) and storage of human remains in the hope that resurrection may be possible in the future.
The Cryonics Institute was founded by the “Father of Cryonics” Robert Ettinger on April 4, 1976, in Detroit, Michigan, where he served as president until 2003.Ettinger introduced the concept of cryonics with the publication of his book “The Prospect of Immortality” published in 1962.
The long-term implications of freezing embryos are demonstrated in the case of Molly Everette Gibson, the child born from the viable pregnancy of her mother who used an embryo, which had been stored in a cryogenic freezer for twenty-seven years. [17] The first twins derived from frozen embryos were born in February 1985. [18]
The first transplant of cryopreserved ovarian tissue was performed in New York by Kutluk Oktay in 1999, but it did not restore menstrual cycles to the patient. In 2004 Jacques Donnez in Belgium reported the first successful birth from frozen tissue using a protocol developed in Roger Gosden ’s laboratory, where Oktay had studied.
The following is a timeline of low-temperature technology and cryogenic technology (refrigeration down to close to absolute zero, i.e. –273.15 °C, −459.67 °F or 0 K). [1] It also lists important milestones in thermometry , thermodynamics , statistical physics and calorimetry , that were crucial in development of low temperature systems.
Millions of Japanese women went to work. For women in prime working years, those between the ages of 25 and 54, Japan’s female labor participation rate has surged to a record high of 83% ...
Nitrogen is a liquid under −195.8 °C (77.3 K).. In physics, cryogenics is the production and behaviour of materials at very low temperatures.. The 13th International Institute of Refrigeration's (IIR) International Congress of Refrigeration (held in Washington DC in 1971) endorsed a universal definition of "cryogenics" and "cryogenic" by accepting a threshold of 120 K (−153 °C) to ...
From ancient history to the modern day, the clitoris has been discredited, dismissed and deleted -- and women's pleasure has often been left out of the conversation entirely. Now, an underground art movement led by artist Sophia Wallace is emerging across the globe to challenge the lies, question the myths and rewrite the rules around sex and the female body.