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Potassium dichromate, K 2 Cr 2 O 7, is a common inorganic chemical reagent, most commonly used as an oxidizing agent in various laboratory and industrial applications. As with all hexavalent chromium compounds, it is acutely and chronically harmful to health.
Alcohol oxidation is a collection of oxidation reactions in organic chemistry that convert alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. The reaction mainly applies to primary and secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols form ketones, while primary alcohols form aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [1] A variety of oxidants can be used.
For oxidations to the aldehydes and ketones, two equivalents of chromic acid oxidize three equivalents of the alcohol: 2 HCrO 4 − + 3 RR'C(OH)H + 8 H + + 4 H 2 O → 2 [Cr(H 2 O) 6] 3+ + 3 RR'CO. For oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids, 4 equivalents of chromic acid oxidize 3 equivalents of the alcohol. The aldehyde is an ...
Collins reagent is especially useful for oxidations of acid sensitive compounds. Primary and secondary alcohols are oxidized respectively to aldehydes and ketones in yields of 87-98%.
In the breakdown of a compound into its constituent parts, the generalized reaction for chemical decomposition is: AB → A + B (AB represents the reactant that begins the reaction, and A and B represent the products of the reaction) An example is the electrolysis of water to the gases hydrogen and oxygen: 2 H 2 O(l) → 2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g)
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Two crystalline forms are known, both being very similar to the corresponding potassium sulfate. Orthorhombic β-K 2 CrO 4 is the common form, but it converts to an α-form above 66 °C. [1]