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English criminal law concerns offences, their prevention and the consequences, in England and Wales. Criminal conduct is considered to be a wrong against the whole of a community, rather than just the private individuals affected.
For example, criminal convictions must be disclosed when applying to enter the United States; spent convictions are not excluded for US immigration purposes under US law. The act makes it an offence to obtain access to criminal records by means of fraud, dishonesty or bribery. [2]
legislation.gov.uk, formerly known as the UK Statute Law Database, is the official Web-accessible database of the statute law of the United Kingdom, hosted by The National Archives. Established in the early 2000s, [ 1 ] it contains all primary legislation in force since 1267 and all secondary legislation since 1823; it does not include ...
Individuals in Australia can obtain a national criminal history to check themselves, and certain organisations can apply for one on their behalf. A person may be required to undergo a criminal record check for a variety of reasons, including employment screening, volunteer work, preparing for a court appearance, visa applications, firearms licensing, or to satisfy a statutory requirement.
In deciding the sentence, the court will take into account a number of factors: the type of offence and how serious it is, the timing of any plea of guilty, the defendant's character and antecedents, including their criminal record and the defendant's personal circumstances such as their financial circumstances in the case of a fine being imposed.
An Introduction to English Legal History. Third Edition. Butterworths. 1990. Chapters 28 and 29. John Hamilton Baker, "Pleas of the Crown" (1978) 94 Selden Society annual volumes 299; J M Kaye et al. "The Making of English Criminal Law" (1977 to 1978) Criminal Law Review; John G Bellamy. Criminal Law and Society in Late Medieval and Tudor England.
The Scarman report found that black people were having 'stop and search' powers disproportionately used against them. A notable example of this was at the 1976 Notting Hill Carnival, where there was a perceived threat of 'black' crime, resulting in the police justifying using 'sus' laws inappropriately, including 'flooding' resources into the area.
The Offences Against the Person Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4.c. 31), also known as Lord Lansdowne's Act, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidated for England and Wales provisions in the law related to offences against the person (an expression which, in particular, includes offences of violence) from a number of earlier piecemeal statutes into a single act.