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  2. Clerical celibacy in the Catholic Church - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerical_celibacy_in_the...

    The sacrifice of married life is for the "sake of the Kingdom" (Luke 18:28–30, [11] Matthew 19:27–30), [12] and to follow the example of Jesus Christ in being "married" to the church, viewed by Catholicism and many Christian traditions as the "Bride of Christ" (following Ephesians 5:25–33 [13] and Revelation 21:9, [14] together with the ...

  3. Clerical celibacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerical_celibacy

    Peter, the first pope, as well as many subsequent popes, bishops, and priests during the church's first 270 years were in fact married men, and often fathers of children. The practice of clerical continence, along with a prohibition of marriage after ordination as a deacon, priest or bishop, is traceable from the time of the Council of Elvira ...

  4. List of sexually active popes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sexually_active_popes

    Pope Paul III Farnese had four illegitimate children and made his illegitimate son Pier Luigi Farnese the first duke of Parma. This is a list of sexually active popes, Catholic priests who were not celibate before they became pope, and those who were legally married before becoming pope. Some candidates were allegedly sexually active before their election as pope, and others were thought to ...

  5. List of people excommunicated by the Catholic Church

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people...

    Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor was excommunicated by Pope Innocent III in 1210 after he had invaded and taken over lands belonging to the Papal States as well as invading the Kingdom of Sicily that was under the Pope's suzerainty. [46] Alfonso IX of León, King of Leon and Galicia, was excommunicated by Pope Innocent III for marrying a near ...

  6. History of the papacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_papacy

    A history of the popes, 1830–1914 (Oxford UP, 1998), scholarly online; Collins, Roger (2009). Keepers of the Keys: A History of the Papacy. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-01195-7. Coppa, Frank J. The Papacy in the Modern World: A Political History (2014) online review; Coppa, Frank J. ed. The great popes through history: an encyclopedia (2 vol ...

  7. Marriage in the Catholic Church - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic...

    Marriage in the Catholic Church, also known as holy matrimony, is the "covenant by which a man and woman establish between themselves a partnership of the whole of life and which is ordered by its nature to the good of the spouses and the procreation and education of offspring", and which "has been raised by Christ the Lord to the dignity of a sacrament between the baptized". [1]

  8. Liber Pontificalis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liber_Pontificalis

    The Liber Pontificalis (Latin for 'pontifical book' or Book of the Popes) is a book of biographies of popes from Saint Peter until the 15th century. The original publication of the Liber Pontificalis stopped with Pope Adrian II (867–872) or Pope Stephen V (885–891), [1] but it was later supplemented in a different style until Pope Eugene IV (1431–1447) and then Pope Pius II (1458–1464 ...

  9. Dogs in religion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogs_in_religion

    Dogs are found in and out of the Muthappan Temple and offerings at the shrine take the form of bronze dog figurines. [21] The dog is also the vahana or mount of the Hindu god Bhairava. In the Mahabharata, when Yudhishthira reaches the gates of heaven (Swarga), Indra allows him to enter but refuses entry to the dog that accompanied him.