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Flight dynamics is the science of air vehicle orientation and control in three dimensions. The three critical flight dynamics parameters are the angles of rotation in three dimensions about the vehicle's center of gravity (cg), known as pitch, roll and yaw.
Pitching moment changes pitch angle A graph showing coefficient of pitching moment with respect to angle of attack for an airplane. In aerodynamics, the pitching moment on an airfoil is the moment (or torque) produced by the aerodynamic force with respect to the aerodynamic center on the airfoil .
Flight dynamics is the science of air-vehicle orientation and control in three dimensions. The critical flight dynamics parameters are the angles of rotation with respect to the three aircraft's principal axes about its center of gravity, known as roll, pitch and yaw.
The position of all three axes, with the right-hand rule for describing the angle of its rotations. An aircraft in flight is free to rotate in three dimensions: yaw, nose left or right about an axis running up and down; pitch, nose up or down about an axis running from wing to wing; and roll, rotation about an axis running from nose to tail.
Stability and control derivatives change as flight conditions change. The collection of stability and control derivatives as they change over a range of flight conditions is called an aero model. Aero models are used in engineering flight simulators to analyze stability, and in real-time flight simulators for training and entertainment.
In flight dynamics, longitudinal stability is the stability of an aircraft in the longitudinal, or pitching, plane.This characteristic is important in determining whether an aircraft pilot will be able to control the aircraft in the pitching plane without requiring excessive attention or excessive strength.
The short-period mode is an oscillation with a period of only a few seconds that is usually heavily damped by the existence of lifting surfaces far from the aircraft’s center of gravity, such as a horizontal tail or canard. The time to damp the amplitude to one-half of its value is usually on the order of 1 second.
Image showing the face of a turn coordinator during a standard rate coordinated right turn.. Standardized turn rates are often employed in approaches and holding patterns to provide a reference for controllers and pilots so that each will know what the other is expecting.