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Anubis as a jackal perched atop a tomb, symbolizing his protection of the necropolis "Anubis" is a Greek rendering of this god's Egyptian name. [7] [8] Before the Greeks arrived in Egypt, around the 7th century BC, the god was known as Anpu or Inpu. The root of the name in ancient Egyptian language means "a royal child."
In this way, the deceased could avoid meeting a similar fate, and be victorious over the forces of chaos like Ra. [36] Am-heh, whose name means "devourer of millions" or "eater of eternity", [37] is a hunting dog headed god from the underworld who lived in a lake of fire.
Medjed, an unusual looking god mentioned in the Book of the Dead; Nephthys (NebetHuet), Anubis' mother; sister of Osiris and Isis (Aset); also a guardian of the dead. She was believed to also escort dead souls to Osiris; Nehebkau, the primordial snake and funerary god associated with the afterlife, and one of the forty-two assessors of Maat
The Duat was also a residence for various gods, including Osiris, Anubis, Thoth, Horus, Hathor, and Maat, who all appear to the dead soul as it makes its way toward judgement. In spite of the many demon-like inhabitants of the Duat , it is not equivalent to the conceptions of Hell in the Abrahamic religions , in which souls are condemned with ...
Originally, only Anubis' name appeared in the offering formula that was believed to allow the dead to partake of the offerings they were given to sustain them in the afterlife. In the Fifth Dynasty (c. 2494–2345 BC), many gods started to appear in the formula, including Osiris, whose name does not appear in any texts before the start of the ...
The Horus of the night deities – Twelve goddesses of each hour of the night, wearing a five-pointed star on their heads Neb-t tehen and Neb-t heru, god and goddess of the first hour of night, Apis or Hep (in reference) and Sarit-neb-s, god and goddess of the second hour of night, M'k-neb-set, goddess of the third hour of night, Aa-t-shefit or ...
Classical examples of a psychopomp are the ancient Egyptian god Anubis, [3] the deity Pushan in Hinduism, the Greek ferryman Charon, [1] the goddess Hecate, and god Hermes, the Roman god Mercury, the Norse Valkyries, the Aztec Xolotl, the Slavic goddess Morana and the Etruscan Vanth.
Depicted as a protector of graves as early as the First Dynasty (c. 3100 – c. 2890 BC), Anubis was also an embalmer. By the Middle Kingdom (c. 2055–1650 BC) he was replaced by Osiris in his role as lord of the underworld. One of his prominent roles was as a god who ushered souls into the afterlife