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  2. Initial and terminal objects - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_and_terminal_objects

    The dual notion is that of a terminal object (also called terminal element): T is terminal if for every object X in C there exists exactly one morphism X → T. Initial objects are also called coterminal or universal, and terminal objects are also called final. If an object is both initial and terminal, it is called a zero object or null object.

  3. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    Python supports most object oriented programming (OOP) techniques. It allows polymorphism, not only within a class hierarchy but also by duck typing. Any object can be used for any type, and it will work so long as it has the proper methods and attributes. And everything in Python is an object, including classes, functions, numbers and modules.

  4. Universal property - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_property

    Universal morphisms can also be thought more abstractly as initial or terminal objects of a comma category (see § Connection with comma categories, below). Universal properties occur almost everywhere in mathematics, and the use of the concept allows the use of general properties of universal properties for easily proving some properties that ...

  5. Unit type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_type

    The unit type is the terminal object in the category of types and typed functions. It should not be confused with the zero or empty type, which allows no values and is the initial object in this category. Similarly, the Boolean is the type with two values. The unit type is implemented in most functional programming languages.

  6. Point-surjective morphism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-surjective_morphism

    In category theory, a point-surjective morphism is a morphism: that "behaves" like surjections on the category of sets. The notion of point-surjectivity is an important one in Lawvere's fixed-point theorem , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and it first was introduced by William Lawvere in his original article.

  7. Initial algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_algebra

    To define such a function, we need a point and a function N × X → X. The set of finite lists of natural numbers is an initial algebra for this functor. The point is the empty list, and the function is cons, taking a number and a finite list, and returning a new finite list with the number at the head.

  8. Interpreter pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpreter_pattern

    The expression objects are composed recursively into a composite/tree structure that is called abstract syntax tree (see Composite pattern). The Interpreter pattern doesn't describe how to build an abstract syntax tree. This can be done either manually by a client or automatically by a parser. See also the UML class and object diagram below.

  9. GNOME Terminator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Terminator

    GNOME Terminator is a free and open-source terminal emulator for Linux programmed in Python, licensed under GPL-2.0-only. The goal of the project is to produce a useful tool for arranging terminals. The goal of the project is to produce a useful tool for arranging terminals.