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Gemstones of the World revised 5th edition, 2013 by Walter Schumann ISBN 978-1454909538 Smithsonian Handbook: Gemstones by Cally Hall, 2nd ed. 2002 ISBN 978-0789489852 hide
Each crystal is characteristic to the environment and growth process under which it was created. Visible banding in an apatite gemstone. Gemstones created from the flame-fusion process may have small air bubbles which were trapped inside the boule during formation process; visible banding from formation of the boule
Hypixel Network, [3] simply known as Hypixel, is a Minecraft server that hosts minigames. It was released on April 13, 2013 by Simon "hypixel" (name of player is not written like the name of the server, but with a lower h (see list of admins)) Collins-Laflamme and Philippe Touchette, and is managed and run by Hypixel Inc. [4] Hypixel is only available on the Java Edition of Minecraft, [5] but ...
Bahia Emerald [2]; Carolina Emperor, [3] [4] 310 carats uncut, 64.8 carats cut; discovered in the United States in 2009, resides in the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, US
Austras koks (Tree of Dawn), on the path of the sun, in or by the water, often on an island or rock in middle of the seas, is the Austras koks thought to represent world tree or axis mundi, it is usually described as a tree, but can also be variety of other plants or even objects.
Asterism is generated by reflections of light from twin-lamellae or from extremely fine needle-shaped acicular inclusions within the stone's crystal structure. [1] A common cause is oriented sub-microscopic crystals of rutile within the gem mineral. It occurs in rubies, sapphires, garnet, diopside, and spinel when a cabochon is cut from a ...
Main sapphire-producing countries. Sapphire is a precious gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminium oxide (α-Al 2 O 3) with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, cobalt, lead, chromium, vanadium, magnesium, boron, and silicon.
Pure crystals of garnet are still used as gemstones. The gemstone varieties occur in shades of green, red, yellow, and orange. [54] In the United States it is known as the birthstone for January. [2] [55] [56] It is also the birthstone of Aquarius and Capricorn in tropical astrology. [57] [58] The garnet family is one of the most complex in the ...