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The term "trigonometry" was derived from Greek τρίγωνον trigōnon, "triangle" and μέτρον metron, "measure". [3]The modern words "sine" and "cosine" are derived from the Latin word sinus via mistranslation from Arabic (see Sine and cosine § Etymology).
Trigonometric ratios can also be represented using the unit circle, which is the circle of radius 1 centered at the origin in the plane. [37] In this setting, the terminal side of an angle A placed in standard position will intersect the unit circle in a point (x,y), where x = cos A {\displaystyle x=\cos A} and y = sin A {\displaystyle ...
Glen Robert Van Brummelen (born May 20, 1965) is a Canadian historian of mathematics specializing in the history of trigonometry and historical applications of mathematics to astronomy. He is president of the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics , [ 1 ] and was a co-editor of Mathematics and the Historian's Craft: The ...
The state of trigonometry advanced during the Song dynasty (960–1279), when Chinese mathematicians had greater need of spherical trigonometry in calendrical science and astronomical calculations. [32] Shen Kuo used trigonometric functions to solve mathematical problems of chords and arcs. [32]
Basis of trigonometry: if two right triangles have equal acute angles, they are similar, so their corresponding side lengths are proportional.. In mathematics, the trigonometric functions (also called circular functions, angle functions or goniometric functions) [1] are real functions which relate an angle of a right-angled triangle to ratios of two side lengths.
The Sanskrit word koṭi has the meaning of "point, cusp", and specifically "the curved end of a bow". In trigonometry, it came to denote "the complement of an arc to 90°". Thus koṭi-jyā is "the jyā of the complementary arc". In Indian treatises, especially in commentaries, koṭi-jyā is often abbreviated as kojyā.
Trigonometry – branch of mathematics that studies the relationships between the sides and the angles in triangles. Trigonometry defines the trigonometric functions , which describe those relationships and have applicability to cyclical phenomena, such as waves .
Guo Shoujing of this era also worked on spherical trigonometry for precise astronomical calculations. At this point of mathematical history, a lot of modern western mathematics were already discovered by Chinese mathematicians. Things grew quiet for a time until the thirteenth century Renaissance of Chinese math.
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