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Nicotine is a secondary metabolite produced in a variety of plants in the family Solanaceae, most notably in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum, where it can be found at high concentrations of 0.5 to 7.5%. [182] Nicotine is also found in the leaves of other tobacco species, such as Nicotiana rustica (in amounts of 2–14%).
t. e. Nicotiana tabacum, or cultivated tobacco, is an annually grown herbaceous plant of the genus Nicotiana. N. tabacum is the most commonly grown species in the genus Nicotiana, as the plant's leaves are commercially harvested to be processed into tobacco for human use. The plant is tropical in origin, is commonly grown throughout the world ...
Tobacco contains the highly addictive stimulant alkaloid nicotine as well as harmala alkaloids. [ 1 ] Tobacco use is a cause or risk factor for many deadly diseases, especially those affecting the heart, liver, and lungs [ 2 ] as well as many cancers.
Nicotiana (/ ˌnɪkoʊʃiˈeɪnə, nɪˌkoʊ -, - kɒti -, - ˈɑːnə, - ˈænə / [2][3][4]) is a genus of herbaceous plants and shrubs in the family Solanaceae, that is indigenous to the Americas, Australia, Southwestern Africa and the South Pacific. Various Nicotiana species, commonly referred to as tobacco plants, are cultivated as ...
The resulting smoke, which contains various active substances the most significant of which is the addictive psychostimulant drug nicotine (a compound naturally found in tobacco), is absorbed through the alveoli in the lungs or the oral mucosa. [5]
The first individual alkaloid, morphine, was isolated in 1804 from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). [1] Alkaloids are a class of basic, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral [2] and even weakly acidic properties. [3]
Nicotine is the active chemical constituent in tobacco, which is available in many forms, including cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and smoking cessation aids such as nicotine patches, nicotine gum, and electronic cigarettes. Nicotine is used widely throughout the world for its stimulating and relaxing effects.
Nicotiana rustica. Nicotiana rustica, commonly known as Aztec tobacco[2] or strong tobacco, [3] is a rainforest plant in the family Solanaceae native to South America. It is a very potent variety of tobacco, containing up to nine times more nicotine than common species of Nicotiana such as Nicotiana tabacum (common tobacco). [4]