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The root of the lung is a group of structures that emerge at the hilum of each lung, just above the middle of the mediastinal surface and behind the cardiac impression of the lung. It is nearer to the back (posterior border) than the front (anterior border). The root of the lung is connected by the structures that form it to the heart and the ...
The Pancoast tumor was first described by Hare in 1838 as a "tumor involving certain nerves". [2] It was not until 1924 that the tumor was described in further detail, when Henry Pancoast, a radiologist from Philadelphia, published an article in which he reported and studied many cases of apical chest tumors that all shared the same radiographic findings and associated clinical symptoms, such ...
The pulmonary pleura covers the entire lung parenchyma. It meets the mediastinal pleura at the root of the lung ("hilum") through a smooth fold known as pleural reflection. A bell sleeve-like extension of the pulmonary pleura hanging under to the hilum is known as the pulmonary ligament.
The duration, frequency, and physical intensity of exercise needs to accommodate impairments such as joint pain, muscle pain, and fatigue. [ 138 ] : 734 [ 140 ] [ 142 ] Neurostimulants such as methylphenidate and modafinil have shown some effectiveness as an adjunct for treatment of sarcoidosis fatigue.
The left lung is divided into two lobes, an upper and a lower lobe, by the oblique fissure, which extends from the costal to the mediastinal surface of the lung both above and below the hilum. [1] The left lung, unlike the right, does not have a middle lobe, though it does have a homologous feature, a projection of the upper lobe termed the ...
Anatomic lung resection, i.e. pulmonary lobectomy or pneumonectomy, in conjunction with removal of the lymph nodes from the mediastinum is the treatment modality that provides the greatest chance of long-term survival in patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer.
A bronchopulmonary segment is a portion of lung supplied by a specific segmental bronchus and its vessels. [1] [2] These arteries branch from the pulmonary and bronchial arteries, and run together through the center of the segment. Veins and lymphatic vessels drain along the edges of the segment.
Hilum of the liver. In human anatomy, the hilum (/ ˈ h aɪ l ə m /; pl.: hila), sometimes formerly called a hilus (/ ˈ h aɪ l ə s /; pl.: hili), is a depression or fissure where structures such as blood vessels and nerves enter an organ. Examples include: Hilum of kidney, admits the renal artery, vein, ureter, and nerves