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Pope Gregory XI (Latin: Gregorius XI; born Pierre Roger de Beaufort; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1370 to his death, in March 1378. He was the seventh and last Avignon pope [ 1 ] and the most recent French pope recognized by the modern Catholic Church.
The conclave was the first held in Old St. Peter's Basilica. [4]Before his death, Gregory XI substantially loosened the laws of the conclave: he instructed the cardinals to begin immediately after his death (rather than waiting the nine days prescribed by the Ordo Romanis) to prevent "factional coercion", he gave the cardinals permission to hold the conclave outside of Rome and move it as many ...
The Western Schism, also known as the Papal Schism, the Great Occidental Schism, the Schism of 1378, or the Great Schism [1] (Latin: Magnum schisma occidentale, Ecclesiae occidentalis schisma), was a split within the Catholic Church lasting from 20 September 1378 to 11 November 1417, in which bishops residing in Rome and Avignon simultaneously claimed to be the true pope, and were eventually ...
The most influential decision in the reign of Pope Gregory XI (1370–1378) was the return to Rome, beginning on 13 September 1376 and ending with his arrival on 17 January 1377. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Although the Pope was French born and still under strong influence by the French King, the increasing conflict between factions friendly and hostile to ...
Pope Gregory XI: Palais des Papes (Avignon) [39] 1378 papal conclave: Pope Urban VI: Old St. Peter's Basilica (Rome) [40] 1378 Avignon papal conclave: Antipope Clement VII [40] 1389 papal conclave: Pope Boniface IX: Apostolic Palace (Rome) [41] 1394 Avignon papal conclave: Antipope Benedict XIII: Palais des Papes (Avignon) [42] 1404 papal ...
Pope Urban V: Grand penitentiary: Francesco Tebaldeschi: Priest of S. Sabina September 22, 1368 Pope Urban V: Pietro Corsini: Priest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso June 7, 1370 Pope Urban V: Pierre Roger de Beaufort (elected Pope Gregory XI) Deacon of S. Maria Nuova May 28, 1348 Pope Clement VI (Cardinal-nephew)
When Gregory XI's war against Milan ended in 1375, many Florentines feared that the pope would turn his military attention toward Tuscany; thus, Florence arranged a nonaggression pact with the English condottiere John Hawkwood, who was Gregory XI's main military commander, at a cost of 130,000 florins, extracted from local clergy, bishops ...
Pope Gregory V (996–999) Pope Gregory VI (1045–1046) Antipope Gregory VI; Pope Gregory VII (1073–1085), after whom the Gregorian Reform is named; Pope Gregory VIII (1187) Antipope Gregory VIII; Pope Gregory IX (1227–1241) Pope Gregory X (1271–1276) Pope Gregory XI (1370–1378) Pope Gregory XII (1406–1415) Pope Gregory XIII (1572 ...