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The Indian massacre of 1622 took place in the English colony of Virginia on March 22, 1621/22 ().English explorer John Smith, though he was not an eyewitness, wrote in his History of Virginia that warriors of the Powhatan "came unarmed into our houses with deer, turkeys, fish, fruits, and other provisions to sell us"; [2] they then grabbed any tools or weapons available and killed all English ...
Twelve years of peace followed the Indian Wars of 1622–1632 before another Anglo–Powhatan War began on April 18, 1644, [17] as the remnants of the Powhatan Confederacy under Opechancanough tried once again to drive out the settlers from the Virginia Colony. [15] Several hundred colonists were killed. [18]
Various tribes each held some individual powers locally, and each had a chief known as a weroance (male) or, more rarely, a weroansqua (female), meaning "commander". [13]As early as the era of John Smith, the individual tribes of this grouping were recognized by English colonists as falling under the greater authority of the centralized power led by the chiefdom of Powhatan (c. 1545 – c ...
The Powhatan Confederacy was established in the late 16th and early 17th centuries under the leadership of Chief Wahunsonacock (more commonly known as Chief Powhatan, named for the tribe he originally led, which was based near present-day Richmond, Virginia).
The Powhatan were part of a powerful political network of Virginia Indian tribes [5] known as the Powhatan Confederacy.Members spoke the Powhatan language.. The paramount chief of the Powhatan people in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, Wahunsenacawh, had originally controlled only six tribes, but throughout the late 16th century, he added more tribes to his nation, through diplomacy or ...
Anglo-Powhatan Wars (1610–14, 1622–32, 1644–46), including the 1622 Jamestown Massacre, between English colonists and the Powhatan Confederacy in the Colony of Virginia; Pequot War of 1636–38 between the Pequot tribe and colonists from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and Connecticut Colony and allied tribes
Little is known of Powhatan's life before the arrival of English colonists in 1607. He apparently inherited the leadership of about 4–6 tribes, with its base at the Fall Line near present-day Richmond. Through diplomacy or force, he had formed the Powhatan Confederacy from about 30 tribes by the early 17th century. The confederacy included an ...
In February 1644 Opechancanough, then Paramount Chief of the Powhatan Confederacy (Tsenacommacah), made a final attempt to drive English colonists from Virginia. This was the beginning of a 2 + 1 ⁄ 2-year period of conflict between English colonists and the Indians of Virginia, known as the Third Anglo-Powhatan War. By 1646 Opechancanough ...