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Pathophysiology of factor V Leiden gene mutation. Factor V Leiden is an autosomal dominant genetic condition that exhibits incomplete penetrance, i.e. not every person who has the mutation develops the disease. The condition results in a factor V variant that cannot be as easily degraded by activated protein C.
Coagulation factor V (Factor V), also less commonly known as proaccelerin or labile factor, is a protein involved in coagulation, encoded, in humans, by F5 gene. [5] In contrast to most other coagulation factors, it is not enzymatically active but functions as a cofactor . [ 5 ]
The Leiden Open Variation Database (LOVD) is a free, flexible web-based open source database developed in the Leiden University Medical Center in the Netherlands, designed to collect and display variants in the DNA sequence. [1] [2] The focus of an LOVD is usually the combination between a gene and a genetic (heritable) disease.
Hemoglobinopathy is a kind of genetic defect that results in abnormal structure of one of the globin chains of the hemoglobin molecule. [35] Hemoglobinopathies are inherited single-gene disorders; in most cases, they are inherited as autosomal co-dominant traits. [36] Hemoglobinopathies imply structural abnormalities in the globin proteins ...
Behind non-O blood type [7] and factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A is one of the most common genetic risk factors for venous thromboembolism. [4] Increased production of prothrombin heightens the risk of blood clotting. Moreover, individuals who carry the mutation can pass it on to their offspring. [8]
The best known and most common hereditary form is Factor V Leiden, which is responsible for more than 95% of cases. [5] Other genetic causes include Factor V Cambridge (VThr306) and the factor V HR2 haplotype (A4070G mutation). [5] [6] Acquired forms of APC resistance occur in the presence of elevated Factor VIII concentrations.
Thus, Factor VIIIa is less efficiently inactivated in factor V Leiden, further increasing the risk of thrombosis. [25] In fact, Factor V Leiden is the most common cause of inherited thrombosis. [26] Heterozygous factor V Leiden is present in approximately 5% of the white population in the United States and homozygous factor V Leiden is found ...
Analysis of the pedigree using the principles of Mendelian inheritance can determine whether a trait has a dominant or recessive pattern of inheritance. Pedigrees are often constructed after a family member afflicted with a genetic disorder has been identified. This individual, known as the proband, is indicated on the pedigree by an arrow. [5]