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Menstrual cycle The menstrual cycle is a series of natural changes in hormone production and the structures of the uterus and ovaries of the female reproductive system that makes pregnancy possible. The ovarian cycle controls the production and release of eggs and the cyclic release of estrogen and progesterone. The uterine cycle governs the preparation and maintenance of the lining of the ...
Diagram illustrating how the uterus lining builds up and breaks down during the menstrual cycle Menstruation (also known as a period, among other colloquial terms) is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina. The menstrual cycle is characterized by the rise and fall of hormones. Menstruation is triggered by falling progesterone ...
Menarche (/ m ə ˈ n ɑːr k i / mə-NAR-kee; from Ancient Greek μήν (mēn) 'month' and ἀρχή (arkhē) 'beginning') is the first menstrual cycle, or first menstrual bleeding, in female humans. From both social and medical perspectives, it is often considered the central event of female puberty, as it signals the possibility of fertility.
Chance of fertilization by menstrual cycle day relative to ovulation [15] Pregnancy rates for sexual intercourse are highest during the menstrual cycle time from some 5 days before until 1 to 2 days after ovulation. [16] For optimal pregnancy chance, there are recommendations of sexual intercourse every 1 or 2 days, [17] or every 2 or 3 days. [18]
Usually, ovulation occurs in one of the two ovaries releasing an egg each menstrual cycle. The side of the ovary closest to the fallopian tube is connected to it by infundibulopelvic ligament, [3] and the other side points downwards attached to the uterus via the ovarian ligament. Other structures and tissues of the ovaries include the hilum.
An ovarian follicle is a roughly spheroid cellular aggregation set found in the ovaries.It secretes hormones that influence stages of the menstrual cycle.In humans, women have approximately 200,000 to 300,000 follicles at the time of puberty, [1] [2] each with the potential to release an egg cell (ovum) at ovulation for fertilization. [3]
While the normal human menstrual cycle typically lasts 4 weeks (28 days, range 24–35 days) and consists of a follicular phase, ovulation, and a luteal phase followed by either menstruation or pregnancy, the anovulatory cycle has cycle lengths of varying degrees.
Menstrual Cycle including Menstrual phase (often referred to as "period") A menstrual disorder is characterized as any abnormal condition with regards to a woman's menstrual cycle. There are many different types of menstrual disorders that vary with signs and symptoms, including pain during menstruation, heavy bleeding, or absence of menstruation.