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Modern zoned-earth embankments employ filter and drain zones to collect and remove seep water and preserve the integrity of the downstream shell zone. An outdated method of zoned earth dam construction used a hydraulic fill to produce a watertight core. Rolled-earth dams may also employ a watertight facing or core in the manner of a rock-fill dam.
A simple approach involves defining different earthworks features in a computer program and then adjusting elevations manually to calculate the optimal cut and fill. More sophisticated software is able to automatically balance cut and fill while also considering the materials.
Meadow Grounds Dam is categorized by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP) as a High Hazard (Category 1), size class B structure. The drainage area of the dam’s watershed is 3.2 square miles on Roaring Run. The zoned earth embankment creates a 204-acre reservoir and at normal pool stores 3130 (acre-feet) of water.
In that case, earthwork software is principally used to calculate cut and fill volumes which are then used for producing material and time estimates. Most products offer additional functionality such as the ability to takeoff terrain elevation from plans (using contour lines and spot heights ); produce shaded cut and fill maps; produce cross ...
The embankment section extends from the end of the concrete gravity portion 3,937.008 ft (1,200.000 m) across the valley to the right abutment. It has a maximum height of 213.2546 ft (65.0000 m) above the top of rock. The non-zoned embankment is composed of well-compacted, low plasticity clays, from the valley alluvium. [6]
The construction of the canal head works began in March 1948, and was completed a year later. Designed as a zoned earth embankment structure with an impervious central core, a semi-pervious layer on either side of the core, and a layer of rock fill. The semi-pervious layer was built in 1 foot (0.30 m) layers and compacted.
The New Waddell Dam is 300 ft (91 m) high from the riverbed and 440 feet (130 m) high from its bedrock foundation. It is a zoned earth-fill type and is 4,700 ft (1,433 m) long; containing 16,200,000 cu yd (12,385,789 m 3) of material. The dam has a crest width of 35 feet (11 m) and a base width of 1,514 feet (461 m). [4]
An embankment is a raised wall, bank or mound made of earth or stones, that are used to hold back water or carry a roadway. A road , railway line , or canal is normally raised onto an embankment made of compacted soil (typically clay or rock-based) to avoid a change in level required by the terrain , the alternatives being either to have an ...
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