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Lazurite or lapis lazuli is an opaque mineral, sodium aluminosilicate sulfate with the ideal formula Na[(AlSiO 4)SO 4], having a color from blue to bluish- or greenish-gray, was previously widely known as azure spar. [1]: 14
Lazurite, old name Azure spar [7]: 14 is a tectosilicate mineral with sulfate, sulfur and chloride with formula (Na,Ca) 8 [(S,Cl,SO 4,OH) 2 |(Al 6 Si 6 O 24)]. It is a feldspathoid and a member of the sodalite group. Lazurite crystallizes in the isometric system although well‐formed crystals are rare.
The most important mineral component of lapis lazuli is lazurite [14] (25% to 40%), [citation needed] a blue feldspathoid silicate mineral of the sodalite family, with the formula (Na,Ca) 8 (AlSiO 4) 6 (S,SO 4,Cl) 1–2. [15] Most lapis lazuli also contains calcite (white), and pyrite (metallic yellow).
The name sapphire is derived from the Latin word sapphirus, itself from the Greek word sappheiros (σάπφειρος), which referred to lapis lazuli. [2] It is typically blue, but natural "fancy" sapphires also occur in yellow, purple, orange, and green colors; "parti sapphires" show two or more colors.
Ultramarine (PB29): a synthetic or naturally occurring sulfur-containing silicate mineral— Na 8–10 Al 6 Si 6 O 24 S 2–4 (generalized formula) Persian blue: made by grinding up the mineral Lapis lazuli. The most important mineral component of lapis lazuli is lazurite (25% to 40%), a feldspathoid silicate mineral with the formula (Na,Ca) 8 ...
Lapis lazuli (the pigment ultramarine) was chiefly supplied from Afghanistan during the Middle Ages, whereas azurite was a common mineral in Europe at the time. Sizable deposits were found near Lyons, France. It was mined since the 12th century in Saxony, in the silver mines located there. [17]
Lazulite or Azure spar [6]: 14 is a transparent to semi-opaque, blue mineral that is a phosphate of magnesium, iron, and aluminium, with the chemical formula (Mg,Fe 2+)Al 2 (PO 4) 2 (OH) 2. [3] Lazulite forms one endmember of a solid solution series with the darker, iron-rich scorzalite. [3] [5] Lazulite crystallizes in the monoclinic system.
Another Sar-e Sang Lazurite crystal, with the classic deep azure-blue color. Crystal is 4.5 cm wide. Sar-i Sang (or Sar-e Sang) (lit. "stone summit" in Persian) is a settlement in the Kuran Wa Munjan District of Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan, famous for its ancient lapis lazuli mines producing the world's finest lapis. [1]
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