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Birds and modern crocodilians have evolved a trifurcated columella, which forms a Y-shaped support structure on the surface of the tympanic membrane. [7] In birds, this is thought to increase the surface area of the columellar footplate, thus lowering the threshold of hearing and improving the detection of airborne sound waves. [7] [3]
A frog's ear drum works in very much the same way as does a human eardrum. It is a membrane that is stretched across a ring of cartilage like a snare drum that vibrates. Crossing the middle ear chamber there is an ossicle called the columella that is connected to the tympanum, and another ossicle, the operculum, that connects this to the oval ...
Birds have acute eyesight—raptors (birds of prey) have vision eight times sharper than humans—thanks to higher densities of photoreceptors in the retina (up to 1,000,000 per square mm in Buteos, compared to 200,000 for humans), a high number of neurons in the optic nerves, a second set of eye muscles not found in other animals, and, in some ...
The diagram shows the shape and location of most of these components: antihelix forms a 'Y' shape where the upper parts are: Superior crus (to the left of the fossa triangularis in the diagram) Inferior crus (to the right of the fossa triangularis in the diagram) Antitragus is below the tragus; Aperture is the entrance to the ear canal
They are noted for asymmetrical ear placements on the skull in some genera. Owls can have either internal or external ears, both of which are asymmetrical. Asymmetry has not been reported to extend to the middle or internal ear of the owl. Asymmetrical ear placement on the skull allows the owl to pinpoint the location of its prey.
Animals with a greater ear distance can localize lower frequencies than humans can. For animals with a smaller ear distance the lowest localizable frequency is higher than for humans. If the ears are located at the side of the head, interaural level differences appear for higher frequencies and can be evaluated for localization tasks.
Researchers unearthed the skull of a previously unknown starling-sized bird species named Navaornis hestiae that was so well preserved they were able to digitally reconstruct its brain and inner ...
In a typical mammalian body such as the human body, the external body orifices are: The nostrils, for breathing and the associated sense of smell; The mouth, for eating, drinking, breathing, and vocalizations such as speech; The ear canals, for the sense of hearing; The nasolacrimal ducts, to carry tears from the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity