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A head shadow (or acoustic shadow) is a region of reduced amplitude of a sound because it is obstructed by the head. It is an example of diffraction. [1] [2]Sound may have to travel through and around the head in order to reach an ear.
Sound waves can diffract around objects, which is why one can still hear someone calling even when hiding behind a tree. [26] Diffraction can also be a concern in some technical applications; it sets a fundamental limit to the resolution of a camera, telescope, or microscope. Other examples of diffraction are considered below.
Diffusion, in architectural acoustics, is the spreading of sound energy evenly in a given environment. A perfectly diffusive sound space is one in which the reverberation time is the same at any listening position. Most interior spaces are non-diffusive; the reverberation time is considerably different around the room.
Sonic artifact, in sound and music production, sonic material that is accidental or unwanted, resulting from the editing of another sound. Visual artifact, in imaging, any unwanted visual alteration introduced by the imaging equipment. Compression artifact, in computer graphics, distortion of media by the data compression.
The information intercepted by the passage of sound waves through the ear is understood and interpreted through the brain, emphasizing the connection between the mind and acoustics. Psychological changes have been seen as brain waves slow down or speed up as a result of varying auditory stimulus which can in turn affect the way one thinks ...
According to the principle of diffraction, when a wave front passes an obstruction, it spreads out into the shadowed space.A creeping wave in electromagnetism or acoustics is the wave that is diffracted around the shadowed surface of a smooth body such as a sphere.
Acousto-optics is a branch of physics that studies the interactions between sound waves and light waves, especially the diffraction of laser light by ultrasound (or sound in general) through an ultrasonic grating. A diffraction image showing the acousto-optic effect.
A short-distance acoustic shadow occurs behind a building or a sound barrier. The sound from a source is shielded by the obstruction. Due to diffraction around the object, it will not be completely silent in the sound shadow. The amplitude of the sound can be reduced considerably, however, depending on the additional distance the sound has to ...