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The powers of the three branches are vested by the Constitution of the Philippines in the following: Legislative power is vested in the two-chamber Congress of the Philippines—the Senate is the upper chamber and the House of Representatives is the lower chamber. [1] Executive power is exercised by the government under the leadership of the ...
The Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916, sometimes known as the "Jones Law", modified the structure of the Philippine government by removing the Philippine Commission as the legislative upper house and replacing it with a Senate elected by Filipino voters, creating the Philippines' first fully elected national legislature. This act also explicitly ...
The 1935 Constitution of the Philippines, which served as the basis for the current constitution. The Philippine legal system is a hybrid form based on the Spanish civil law and American common law system, [32]: 304–305 with a system of Sharia law in place for some areas of law involving Muslims. [33] [26]: 10874
The manner the President has been exercising his powers under Martial Law and the Constitution and that the President should continue exercising the same powers. Referendum allowing Martial law to continue, not to convene the Interim National Assembly and extend the terms of local officials by appointment, and suspend elections, pursuant to ...
Memorandum circulars (Filipino: Memorandum sirkular), [2] according to Book III, Title I, Chapter II, Section 6 of Administrative Code of 1987, refer to the "Acts of the President on matters relating to internal administration, which the President desires to bring to the attention of all or some of the departments, agencies, bureaus or offices of the Government, for information or compliance." [7]
A national referendum-plebiscite was held on October 16–17, 1976 in the Philippines in which the majority of the barangay voters approved the continuation of martial law and ratified the proposed amendments to the Constitution substituting the Regular Batasang Pambansa with the Interim Batasang Pambansa, pursuant to Presidential Decrees Nos. 991, 1031, and 1032.
United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines in the presence of then Philippine Senate President Manuel L. Quezon. The new constitution created under this act was approved on January 31, 1935, [54]: 43 and was adopted the next day. The first elections were held on September 17.
The Supreme Court ruled in 1997 that the People's Initiative method of amending the constitution is "fatally defective", or inoperable. Another ruling in 2006 on another attempt at a People's Initiative was ruled unconstitutional by the court [15] This only leaves the Constituent Assembly and the Constitutional Convention as the valid ways to amend the constitution.