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Fish gill structure In bony fish , the gills lie in a branchial chamber covered by a bony operculum ( branchia is an Ancient Greek word for gills). The great majority of bony fish species have five pairs of gills, although a few have lost some over the course of evolution.
Then it draws the sides of its throat together, forcing the water through the gill openings, so it passes over the gills to the outside. Fish gill slits may be the evolutionary ancestors of the thymus glands, [6] parathyroid glands, as well as many other structures derived from the embryonic branchial pouches. [7]
Most fish exchange gases using gills on either side of the pharynx (throat). Gills are tissues which consist of threadlike structures called filaments.These filaments have many functions and "are involved in ion and water transfer as well as oxygen, carbon dioxide, acid and ammonia exchange.
Opercular series in bony fish: operculum (yellow), preoperculum (red), interoperculum (green) and suboperculum (pink) The operculum is a series of bones found in bony fish and chimaeras that serves as a facial support structure and a protective covering for the gills ; it is also used for respiration and feeding.
The gills of most teleost fish help to eliminate ammonia from the body, and fish live surrounded by water, but most still have a distinct bladder for storing waste fluid. The urinary bladder of teleosts is permeable to water, though this is less true for freshwater dwelling species than saltwater species.
Gill arches supporting the gills in a pike. Branchial arches or gill arches are a series of paired bony/cartilaginous "loops" behind the throat (pharyngeal cavity) of fish, which support the fish gills. As chordates, all vertebrate embryos develop pharyngeal arches, though the eventual fate of these arches varies between taxa.
A Business Insider video about preauricular sinus points out that evolutionary biologist Neil Shubin suspects "these holes could be evolutionary remnant of fish gills."
The pharyngeal arches, also known as visceral arches, are transient structures seen in the embryonic development of humans and other vertebrates, that are recognisable precursors for many structures. [1] In fish, the arches support the gills and are known as the branchial arches, or gill arches.