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Glipizide, sold under the brand name Glucotrol among others, is an anti-diabetic medication of the sulfonylurea class used to treat type 2 diabetes. [1] [2] It is used together with a diabetic diet and exercise. [1] [2] It is not indicated for use by itself in type 1 diabetes. [1] [2] It is taken by mouth.
Absorption half-life 1 h, elimination half-life 12 h. Biological half-life ( elimination half-life , pharmacological half-life ) is the time taken for concentration of a biological substance (such as a medication ) to decrease from its maximum concentration ( C max ) to half of C max in the blood plasma .
Native GLP-1 is a peptide hormone with a half-life of two minutes because it is rapidly cleared by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4. [29] As a result, different GLP-1 agonist drugs are modified in various ways to extend the half-life, resulting in drugs that can be dosed multiple times per day, daily, weekly, or less often. [ 29 ]
[32] [33] Exenatide has only 53% homology with GLP, which increases its resistance to degradation by DPP-4 and extends its half-life. [34] A 2011 Cochrane review showed a HbA1c reduction of 0.20% more with Exenatide 2 mg compared to insulin glargine, exenatide 10 μg twice daily, sitagliptin and pioglitazone. [ 27 ]
Drugs belonging to this class are: Sitagliptin [6] (FDA approved 2006, marketed by Merck & Co. as Januvia) Vildagliptin [7] (EU approved 2007, marketed in the EU by Novartis as Galvus) Saxagliptin (FDA approved in 2009, marketed as Onglyza) Linagliptin (FDA approved in 2011, marketed as Tradjenta by Eli Lilly and Company and Boehringer ...
Sotagliflozin (Inpefa) is a dual SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in May 2023, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure, and urgent heart failure visit in adults with heart failure or type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and other cardiovascular risk factors.
Examples of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors include: Acarbose- Precose or Glucobay; Miglitol – Glyset; Voglibose; Even though the drugs have a similar mechanism of action, there are subtle differences between acarbose and miglitol. Acarbose is an oligosaccharide, whereas miglitol resembles a monosaccharide. Miglitol is fairly well absorbed by ...
Glimepiride is an antidiabetic medication within the sulfonylurea class, primarily prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes. [1] [2] It is regarded as a second-line option compared to metformin, due to metformin's well-established safety and efficacy. [1]