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A 14-inch reel of 2-inch quad videotape compared with a modern-day MiniDV videocassette. Both media store one hour of color video. The first commercial professional broadcast quality videotape machines capable of replacing kinescopes were the two-inch quadruplex videotape (Quad) machines introduced by Ampex on April 14, 1956, at the National Association of Broadcasters convention in Chicago.
U-matic was named after the shape of the tape path when it was threaded around the helical-scan video head drum, which resembles the letter U. [5] Betamax uses a similar type of "B-load" as well. Recording time is limited to one hour. It initially had a resolution of 250 lines. Signals are recorded onto the tape using Frequency modulation (FM ...
1-inch Type B Helical Scan or SMPTE B is a reel-to-reel analog recording video tape format developed by the Bosch Fernseh division of Bosch in Germany in 1976. The magnetic tape format became the broadcasting standard in continental Europe, but adoption was limited in the United States and United Kingdom, where the Type C videotape format met with greater success.
The tape was 0.1 inches (2.5 mm) wide and 0.003 inches (0.076 mm) thick running at 5 feet per second (1.5 m/s) past the recording and reproducing heads. This meant that the length of tape required for a half-hour program was nearly 1.8 miles (2.9 km) and a full reel weighed 55 pounds (25 kg).
A tape speed of 1 + 5 ⁄ 16 inches per second corresponds to the heads on the drum moving across the tape at (a writing speed of) 4.86 [51] [41] or 6.096 meters per second. [52] To maximize the use of the tape, the video tracks are recorded very close together.
2-inch quadruplex videotape (also called 2" quad video tape or quadraplex) was the first practical and commercially successful analog recording video tape format. [1] It was developed and released for the broadcast television industry in 1956 by Ampex , an American company based in Redwood City, California . [ 2 ]
VCR-format video cassettes with one inside a case (left) and the other on its own (right). A CD is shown for scale. The VCR format used large square cassettes with 2 co-axial reels, one on top of the other, containing 1 ⁄ 2-inch-wide (12.7 mm) chrome dioxide magnetic tape. Three playing times were available: 30, 45 and 60 minutes.
In the last few decades, reels of tapes that were thought to be lost have been intermittently rediscovered. In 1990 – CBS Columbia Square delivered a reel of 1965-era tapes sourced from the album Summer Days (and Summer Nights!!) which were thought to be lost. [3] When the studio closed, a major number of tapes were left behind.