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World-systems theory traces emerged in the 1970s. [3] Its roots can be found in sociology, but it has developed into a highly interdisciplinary field. [4] World-systems theory was aiming to replace modernization theory, which Wallerstein criticised for three reasons: [4] its focus on the nation state as the only unit of analysis
A model of a core-periphery system like that used by Wallerstein. Wallerstein's first volume on world-systems theory (The Modern World System, 1974) was predominantly written during a year at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (now affiliated with Stanford University). [3]
A world-system is a socioeconomic system, under systems theory, that encompasses part or all of the globe, detailing the aggregate structural result of the sum of the interactions between polities. World-systems are usually larger than single states , but do not have to be global.
Wallerstein developed the World Systems Theory utilizing the Dependence theory along with the ideas of Marx and the Annales School. [18] This theory postulates a third category of countries, the semi-periphery, intermediate between the core and periphery. Wallerstein believed in a tri-modal rather than a bi-modal system because he viewed the ...
While Wallerstein was quite clear that the interstate system followed the development of a world-economy, and state policies largely reflected internal pressures from economic actors, [14] other world-systems theorists like Christopher Chase-Dunn view the interstate system and world-economy as concomitant processes with no clear causal priority.
World-systems theory describes the semi-periphery as a key structural element in the world economy. The semi-periphery plays a vital role comparative to that of the role that Spain and Portugal played in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries as intermediate trading groups within the European colonial empire. [3]
Immanuel Wallerstein's "world-systems theory" was the version of Dependency Theory that most North American anthropologists engaged with. His theories are similar to Dependency Theory, although he placed more emphasis on the system as system, and focused on the developments of the core rather than periphery.
The World Systems Theory argues that a state's future is decided by their stance in the global economy. A global capitalistic market demands the needs for wealthy (core) states and poor (periphery) states. Core states benefit from the hierarchical structure of international trade and labor.