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Solomon (/ ˈ s ɒ l ə m ə n /), [a] also called Jedidiah, [b] was the fourth monarch of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah, according to the Hebrew Bible. [4] [5] The successor of his father David, he is described as having been the penultimate ruler of all Twelve Tribes of Israel under an amalgamated Israel and Judah.
The story is considered to be literarily unified, without significant editorial intervention. [25] [26] The ending of the story, noting the wisdom of Solomon, is considered to be a Deuteronomistic addition to the text. [1] [27] Some scholars consider the story an originally independent unit, integrated into its present context by an editor.
The Talmud teaches that a wise person can foresee the future. Nolad is a Hebrew word for "future," but also the Hebrew word for "birth", so one rabbinic interpretation of the teaching is that a wise person is one who can foresee the consequences of his/her choices (i.e. can "see the future" that he/she "gives birth" to). [129]
Lady Wisdom, first referred to as "she" in Wisdom 6:12, dominates the middle section of the book (chapters 6-9), in which Solomon speaks. [31] She existed from the Creation, and God is her source and guide. [31] She is to be loved and desired, and kings seek her: Solomon himself preferred wisdom to wealth, health, and all other things. [32]
Proverbs 10:1–22:16, with 375 sayings, consists of two parts, the first part (10–14) contrasting the wise man and the fool (or the righteous and the wicked), the second (15–22:16) addressing wise and foolish speech. [17] Verse 22:17 opens ‘the words of the wise’, until verse 24:22, with short moral discourses on various subjects. [18]
Solomon, as the archetypal wise person, fell in love with Wisdom: "I loved her, and sought her out from my youth, I desired to make her my spouse, and I was a lover of her beauty." ( Wisdom 8:2 ). [ 18 ]
Understanding the book was a topic of the earliest recorded discussions. One argument advanced at that time was that the name of Solomon carried enough authority to ensure its inclusion; however, other works which appeared with Solomon's name were excluded despite being more orthodox than Ecclesiastes. [40]
Diogenes Laërtius writes in his account of the life of Pyrrho, the founder of Pyrrhonism, that the Seven Sages of Greece were considered to be precursors of Pyrrho's philosophical skepticism because the Delphic Maxims were skeptical. "The maxims of the Seven Wise Men, too, they call skeptical; for instance, 'Observe the Golden Mean', and 'A ...