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Damage to the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve may cause paralysis of the depressor anguli oris muscle. [1] This may contribute to an asymmetrical smile. [1] This may be corrected by resecting (cutting and removing) the depressor labii inferioris muscle, which has a more significant impact on smiling. [1]
Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP) is a peripheral neuropathy, a condition that affects the nerves. [4] Pressure on the nerves can cause tingling sensations, numbness, pain, weakness, muscle atrophy and even paralysis of the affected area. In normal individuals, these symptoms disappear quickly, but in sufferers of ...
Bell's palsy is the most common cause of acute facial nerve paralysis. [3] [4] There is no known cause of Bell's palsy, [5] [6] although it has been associated with herpes simplex infection. Bell's palsy may develop over several days, and may last several months, in the majority of cases recovering spontaneously.
Thus the facial artery can be used as an important landmark in locating the marginal mandibular nerve during surgical procedures. [2] Damage can cause paralysis of the three muscles it supplies, which can cause an asymmetrical smile due to lack of contraction of the depressor labii inferioris muscle . [ 3 ]
The buccal branches of the facial nerve (infraorbital branches), are of larger size than the rest of the branches, pass horizontally forward to be distributed below the orbit and around the mouth. Branches
The mandibular nerve immediately passes between tensor veli palatini, which is medial, and lateral pterygoid, which is lateral, and gives off a meningeal branch (nervus spinosus) and the nerve to medial pterygoid from its medial side. The nerve then divides into a small anterior division and a large posterior division.
The platysma muscle lies just deep to the subcutaneous fascia and fat. [1] [3] It covers many structures found deeper in the neck, such as the external carotid artery, the external jugular vein, [4] the parotid gland, [4] the lesser occipital nerve, [4] the great auricular nerve, [4] and the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve.
The mental nerve is a branch of the posterior trunk of the inferior alveolar nerve. This is a branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V 3), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). [1] It emerges from the mental foramen in the mandible. [2] It divides into three branches beneath the depressor anguli oris muscle.