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Nichrome (also known as NiCr, nickel-chromium or chromium-nickel) is a family of alloys of nickel and chromium (and occasionally iron [1]) commonly used as resistance wire, heating elements in devices like toasters, electrical kettles and space heaters, in some dental restorations (fillings) and in a few other applications.
Nichrome, a non-magnetic 80/20 alloy of nickel and chromium, is the most common resistance wire for heating purposes because it has a high resistivity and resistance to oxidation at high temperatures, up to 1,400 °C (2,550 °F). When used as a heating element, resistance wire is usually wound into coils.
Most modern electric heating devices use nichrome wire as the active element; the heating element, depicted on the right, uses nichrome wire supported by ceramic insulators. Alternatively, a heat pump can achieve around 150% – 600% efficiency for heating, or COP 1.5 - 6.0 Coefficient of performance , because it uses electric power only for ...
Wirewound resistors are commonly made by winding a metal wire, usually nichrome, around a ceramic, plastic, or fiberglass core. The ends of the wire are soldered or welded to two caps or rings, attached to the ends of the core. The assembly is protected with a layer of paint, molded plastic, or an enamel coating baked at high temperature.
The resistance per wire length (Ω/m) of a heating element material is defined in ASTM and DIN standards. [ 2 ] : 2 [ 3 ] [ 4 ] In ASTM, wires greater than 0.127 mm in diameter are specified to be held within a tolerance of ±5% Ω/m and for thinner wires ±8% Ω/m.
Near infrared (NIR) or short-wave infrared heaters operate at high filament temperatures above 1,800 °C (3,270 °F) and when arranged in a field reach high power densities of some hundreds of kW/m 2. Their peak wavelength is well below the absorption spectrum for water, making them unsuitable for many drying applications.
It is also commonly called Nichrome 60 and is used for heating elements, resistance windings, and hot wire cutters. Chromel-R Gene Cernan's suit for Gemini 9A ...
AA-8000: used for electrical building wire in the U.S. per the National Electrical Code, replacing AA-1350. [1] Al–Li (2.45% lithium): aerospace applications, including the Space Shuttle; Alnico (nickel, cobalt): used for permanent magnets; Aluminium–Scandium ; Birmabright (magnesium, manganese): used in car bodies, mainly used by Land ...
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