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In rhetoric, chiasmus (/ k aɪ ˈ æ z m ə s / ky-AZ-məs) or, less commonly, chiasm (Latin term from Greek χίασμα chiásma, "crossing", from the Greek χιάζω, chiázō, "to shape like the letter Χ"), is a "reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses – but no repetition of words".
The verse contains 9 sentences which exhibit chiasmus, but perhaps more interesting is that it is found in the longest chapter of the Quran, Al-Baqara, which itself contains a fractal chiastic structure in its 286 verses, i.e. where each (outer) chiasm is composed of (inner) chiastic structures reflected in some sense in the analogue outer chiasm.
Chiasmus – Reversal of grammatical structures in successive clauses; Climax – Repetition of the scheme anadiplosis at least three times, with the elements arranged in an order of increasing importance; Epanalepsis – Repetition of the initial word or words of a clause or sentence at the end of the clause or sentence
Parallel syntax – repetition of similar sentence structures. Paraprosdokian – a sentence in which the latter half takes an unexpected turn. Parataxis – using juxtaposition of short, simple sentences to connect ideas, as opposed to explicit conjunction. Parenthesis – an explanatory or qualifying word, clause, or sentence inserted into a ...
Antithesis involves putting together two opposite ideas in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect. [12] [page needed] Contrast is emphasised by parallel but similar structures of the opposing phrases or clauses to draw the listeners' or readers' attention. Compared to chiasmus, the ideas must be opposites. Some rise by sin, and some by ...
In rhetoric, antimetabole (/ æ n t ɪ m ə ˈ t æ b ə l iː / AN-ti-mə-TAB-ə-lee) is the repetition of words in successive clauses, but in transposed order; for example, "I know what I like, and I like what I know". It is related to, and sometimes considered a special case of, chiasmus. An antimetabole can be predictive, because it is easy ...
Chiasmus: two or more clauses related to each other through a reversal of structures in order to make a larger point. subordinate class to antimetabole. Climax: arrangement of words in an ascending order. Consonance: repetition of consonant sounds, most commonly within a short passage of verse. Correlative verse: matching items in two sequences.
Synchysis may be opposed to chiasmus, which is a phrase in the form A-B-B-A, either in the same line or in two consecutive lines. [ clarification needed ] [ citation needed ] A line of Latin verse in the form adjective A - adjective B - verb - noun A - noun B , with the verb in the center (or a corresponding chiastic line, again with the verb ...