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The Manchester operation, Manchester repair or simply Fothergill operation is a technique used in gynaecologic surgeries. It is an operation for uterine prolapse by fixation of the cardinal ligaments. Its purpose is to reduce the cystourethrocele and to reposition the uterus within the pelvis. The major steps of the intervention are listed below:
Rates of uterine rupture during vaginal birth following one previous C-section, done by the typical technique, are estimated at 0.9%. [1] Rates are greater among those who have had multiple prior C-sections or an atypical type of C-section. [1] In those who do have uterine scarring, the risk during a vaginal birth is about 1 per 12,000. [1]
It was found that between unlocked single-layer closure and double-layer closure, there is no difference in risk of uterine rupture, [3] however the risk of rupture is increased with a locked single-layer suture. [18] Following the repair of the incision, a scar defect may form, which is defined as a thinning of uterine muscle at the incision site.
Along with placenta previa and uterine rupture it is one of the most common causes of vaginal bleeding in the later part of pregnancy. [6] Placental abruption is the reason for about 15% of infant deaths around the time of birth. [2] The condition was described at least as early as 1664. [7]
Artificial rupture of membranes (AROM), also known as an amniotomy, is performed by a midwife or obstetrician and was once thought to be an effective means to induce or accelerate labor. The membranes can be ruptured using a specialized tool, such as an amnihook or amnicot, or they may be ruptured by the proceduralist's finger.
Overt umbilical cord prolapse requires rupture of membranes. This is the most common type of cord prolapse. occult umbilical prolapse: descent of the umbilical cord alongside the presenting fetal part, but has not advanced past the presenting fetal part. Occult umbilical prolapse can occur with both intact or ruptured membranes.
Surgery may be used if medical management fails or in case of cervical lacerations, tears in the uterine wall or a uterine rupture. Methods used may include uterine artery ligation, ovarian artery ligation, internal iliac artery ligation, selective arterial embolization, B-lynch suture, and hysterectomy.
Asherman's syndrome (AS) is an acquired uterine condition that occurs when scar tissue forms inside the uterus and/or the cervix. [1] It is characterized by variable scarring inside the uterine cavity, where in many cases the front and back walls of the uterus stick to one another.