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Ileum, caecum and colon of rabbit, showing Appendix vermiformis on fully functional caecum The human vermiform appendix on the vestigial caecum. The appendix was once believed to be a vestige of a redundant organ that in ancestral species had digestive functions, much as it still does in extant species in which intestinal flora hydrolyze cellulose and similar indigestible plant materials. [10]
In humans, the vermiform appendix is sometimes called a vestigial structure as it has lost much of its ancestral digestive function.. Vestigiality is the retention, during the process of evolution, of genetically determined structures or attributes that have lost some or all of the ancestral function in a given species. [1]
This phenomenon is an automatic-response mechanism that activates even before a human becomes consciously aware that a startling, unexpected or unknown sound has been "heard". [2] That this vestigial response occurs even before becoming consciously aware of a startling noise would explain why the function of ear-perking had evolved in animals.
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The postauricular reflex is a vestigial myogenic [5] muscle response in humans that acts to pull the ear upward and backward. [6] Research suggests neural circuits for auricle orienting have survived in a vestigial state for over 25 million years. It is often assumed the reflex is a vestigial Preyer reflex (also known as the pinna reflex). [7] [8]
No, a 1040 is not the same as a W-2, but you use the information included on a W-2 to complete the 1040 form. A W-2 is the form employers use to report the wages paid to an employee during the year.
Atavism can also be seen in humans who possess large teeth, like those of other primates. [9] In addition, a case of "snake heart", the presence of "coronary circulation and myocardial architecture [that closely] resemble those of the reptilian heart", has also been reported in medical literature. [ 10 ]
What makes a human body structure vestigial is that presently it is useless or almost useless, i.e. having no important function. Greensburger ( talk ) 16:49, 1 September 2011 (UTC) [ reply ] The references you listed do not backup your statements, they mention mainly the appendix, and a few other structures.