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The Bureau of Indian Affairs defines Native American as having American Indian or Alaska Native ancestry. Legally, being Native American is defined as being enrolled in a federally recognized tribe or Alaskan village. These entities establish their own membership rules, and they vary. Each must be understood independently.
Sharice Davids, a member of the Ho-Chunk Nation, and Deb Haaland, a member of the Laguna Pueblo, made history in 2018 when they became the first Native American women elected to the U.S. Congress. [8] Both Davids and Haaland emphasized issues of Native sovereignty, healthcare, and environmental protection during their campaigns. [9]
Native American woman at work. Life in society varies from tribe to tribe and region to region, but some general perspectives of women include that they "value being mothers and rearing healthy families; spiritually, they are considered to be extensions of the Spirit Mother and continuators of their people; socially, they serve as transmitters of cultural knowledge and caretakers of children ...
Typically, women gather vegetation such as fruits, roots, and seeds. Women often prepare the food. An Apache man would use weapons and tools to hunt animals such as buffalos. [3] It is not expected of women participate in hunting, [4] but their roles as mothers are important.
Nimi McConigley, first Indian American women to serve in any American State legislature served in the Wyoming State Legislature from 1994 until 1996 (Republican) Aruna Miller , 10th Lt. Governor of Maryland and the first South Asian woman elected lieutenant governor in the United States , [ 27 ] (Democratic)
Native American women continue to face racial and ethnic stereotypes due to the discourse caused by colonialism in the 15th century. Because of this, many misconceptions continue to permeate today that can cause extreme harm to indigenous women. One major stereotype of Native American women is the idea that they are promiscuous.
Suffragist and activist, Zitkala-Sa (Yankton Sioux) Native American women influenced early women's suffrage activists in the United States. The Iroquois nations, which had an egalitarian society, were visited by early feminists and suffragists, such as Lydia Maria Child, Matilda Joslyn Gage, Lucretia Mott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
The history of women in the United States encompasses the lived experiences and contributions of women throughout American history. The earliest women living in what is now the United States were Native Americans. European women arrived in the 17th century and brought with them European culture and values.