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The skin colour of amphibians is produced by three layers of pigment cells called chromatophores. These three cell layers consist of the melanophores (occupying the deepest layer), the guanophores (forming an intermediate layer and containing many granules, producing a blue-green colour) and the lipophores (yellow, the most superficial layer).
The skin of G. carolinensis is smooth and without ridges or warts. Yet, the skin is extremely tough, which most likely protects them from the ants upon which they feed. [11] [12] Directly behind the eyes, resting on the toad's neck, is a distinctive skin fold evolved for protection from ant bites while feeding. [13]
Violacein has antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties. Its antifungal properties are of particular interest, since J. lividum is found on the skin of certain amphibians, including the red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus), where it prevents infection by the devastating chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). [3]
The skin is slimy and bears ringlike markings or grooves and may contain scales. [2] Modern caecilians are a clade, the order Gymnophiona / ˌ dʒ ɪ m n ə ˈ f aɪ ə n ə / (or Apoda / ˈ æ p ə d ə /), one of the three living amphibian groups alongside Anura and Urodela (salamanders).
The skin, at least in the more advanced forms probably had a water-tight epidermal horny overlay, similar to the one seen in today's reptiles, though they lacked horny claws. [ 32 ] [ 33 ] In chroniosuchians and some seymouriamorphs , like Discosauriscus , dermal scales are found in post-metamorphic specimens, indicating they may have had a ...
The majority of amphibians use cutaneous respiration, or the process of breathing through the skin. Due to the importance of the skin, amphibians are very sensitive to what goes through their permeable skin, the stratum corneum is the main skin barrier which is much thinner than other classes such as mammals or birds.
Most labyrinthodonts had special sense organs in the skin, forming a lateral line organ for perception of water flow and pressure, like those found in fish and a number of modern amphibians. [10] This would enable them to pick up the vibration of their prey and other waterborne sounds while hunting in murky, weed filled waters.
This template is meant to be used in Snake and the wikipages on snake families. {} - creates a navbox with a list of crocodilian taxa. {} - Placing this template on a page creates a navbox with crocodilian-related topics. {} - Placing this template creates a navbox with a list of the members of this superfamily. Meant for use on Helodermatid ...