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Leishmaniasis is a wide array of clinical manifestations caused by protozoal parasites of the Trypanosomatida genus Leishmania. [7] It is generally spread through the bite of phlebotomine sandflies, Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia, and occurs most frequently in the tropics and sub-tropics of Africa, Asia, the Americas, and southern Europe.
Leishmania donovani is a species of intracellular parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania, a group of haemoflagellate kinetoplastids that cause the disease leishmaniasis. It is a human blood parasite responsible for visceral leishmaniasis or kala-azar, the most severe form of leishmaniasis.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar (Hindi: kālā āzār, "black sickness") [2] or "black fever", is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and, without proper diagnosis and treatment, is associated with high fatality. [3] Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania.
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a bacterial disease spread by ticks. [9] It typically begins with a fever and headache, which is followed a few days later with the development of a rash. [3] The rash is generally made up of small spots of bleeding and starts on the wrists and ankles. [10] Other symptoms may include muscle pains and ...
Fever of unknown origin (FUO) refers to a condition in which the patient has an elevated temperature for which no cause can be found despite investigations by one or more qualified physicians. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] If the cause is found, it is usually a diagnosis of exclusion , eliminating all possibilities until only the correct explanation remains.
Q fever or query fever is a disease caused by infection with Coxiella burnetii, [1] [3] [4] a bacterium that affects humans and other animals. This organism is uncommon, but may be found in cattle , sheep , goats , and other domestic mammals , including cats and dogs .
A viral hemorrhagic fever is a possible cause of the Plague of Athens during the Peloponnesian War. [13] A viral hemorrhagic fever is an alternate theory of the cause of the Black Death and the Plague of Justinian [14] The initial, and currently only, outbreak of Lujo virus in September–October 2008 left four of five patients dead. [15]
c) Remittent fever d) Intermittent fever e) Undulant fever f) Relapsing fever. Intermittent fever is a type or pattern of fever in which there is an interval where temperature is elevated for several hours followed by an interval when temperature drops back to normal. [1] This type of fever usually occurs during the course of an infectious ...