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An acute loss of blood of a substantial volume; a decreased production of normal-sized red blood cells (e.g., anemia of chronic disease, aplastic anemia); an increased production of HbS as seen in sickle cell disease (not sickle cell trait); an increased destruction or loss of red blood cells (e.g., hemolysis, posthemorrhagic anemia ...
The production of red blood cells (or erythropoeisis) in the body is regulated by erythropoietin, which is a protein produced by the kidneys in response to poor oxygen delivery. [15] As a result, more erythropoeitin is produced to encourage red blood cell production and increase oxygen-carrying capacity.
A blood smear showing hypochromic (and microcytic) anemia. Note the increased central pallor of the red blood cells. Hypochromic anemia is a generic term for any type of anemia in which the red blood cells are paler than normal. (Hypo- refers to less, and chromic means colour.) A normal red blood cell has a biconcave disk shape and will have an ...
A blood test will provide counts of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. If anemia appears, further tests may determine what type it is, and whether it has a serious cause. although of that, it is possible to refer to the genetic history and physical diagnosis. [70]
Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [3] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. [1]
Often there is mild to severe anemia (low red blood cells or hemoglobin) as thalassemia can affect the production of red blood cells and also affect how long the red blood cells live. [1] Symptoms include tiredness , pallor , bone problems, an enlarged spleen , jaundice , pulmonary hypertension , and dark urine. [ 1 ]
Megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B 12 deficiency is characterized by red blood cells that are larger than normal and are unable to deliver oxygen to the body's organs. [7] [8] The clinical case indicates an altered synthesis of DNA, in which vitamin B 12 is essential for the production and maturation of red blood cells in the bone marrow. [8]
Diamond-Blackfan Anemia is an example of a congenital bone marrow failure syndrome that primarily affects red blood cell production. In DBA, the erythroid cell lineage is more susceptible to cell death due to abnormal ribosome function. [4] This leads to a reduced population of red blood cell precursors and a resulting reticulocytopenia and anemia.