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Floods have hit Jakarta several times in the past, including in 1621, 1654, 1918, 1942, 1976, 1996, 2002, 2007, 2013 and 2015. A significant contributing factor is that a substantial part of Jakarta is low-lying; some 24,000 ha (240 km 2) of the main part of Jakarta are below sea level. [6]
The province of South Sulawesi experiences flooding annually. Due to development of a low-pressure area in the Timor Sea coupled with increased humidity in the wet season, the rainfall levels in the area increased significantly, with the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency issuing an extreme weather warning between 21 and 26 January 2019. [3]
The 2021 South Kalimantan floods were a series of floods in the South Kalimantan province of Indonesia. It was the worst flood to affect the region in the last ten years, and the first major flood in the past fifty years. [1] Most of the region affected had never experienced such a flood before. [2] There were 15 deaths while many are missing. [3]
The BNPB declared a 14-day state of emergency in West Sumatra [14] and distributed a total of Rp 3.2 billion in aid to local governments affected by the floods. [15] They were also involved in searching for missing people in areas near rivers and clearing important roads from large rocks, debris and mud due to flooding.
The 2007 Jakarta flood was a major flood in Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia and affected several other areas around the city, such as West Java and Banten.The flood, beginning on February 2, 2007 was a result of heavy rain, deforestation in areas south of the city, and waterways clogged with debris. [2]
Since then, pineapples have been grown in the Philippines, China, Nigeria, Indonesia, Ghana, and Vietnam, among other countries. Pineapples became a symbol of wealth in Europe.
The area of the Jakarta Special District is 662 km 2 of land area and 6,977 km 2 of sea area. [2]Jakarta lies in a low, flat basin, averaging 7 metres (23 ft) above sea level; [citation needed] 40% of Jakarta, particularly the northern areas, is below sea level, [3] while the southern parts are comparatively hilly.
Natural disasters in Indonesia can usefully be divided into major disasters, medium level disasters, and lesser disasters which although causing less damage are very common across Indonesia. These can conveniently be considered as macro, mezzo, and micro events. Policies to respond deal with each of these different types of disasters.