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Hull speed or displacement speed is the speed at which the wavelength of a vessel's bow wave is equal to the waterline length of the vessel. As boat speed increases from rest, the wavelength of the bow wave increases, and usually its crest-to-trough dimension (height) increases as well. When hull speed is exceeded, a vessel in displacement mode ...
A velocity prediction program (VPP) is a computer program which solves for the performance of a sailing yacht in various wind conditions by balancing hull and sail forces. VPPs are used by yacht designers, boat builders, model testers, sailors, sailmakers, also America's Cup teams, to predict the performance of a sailboat before it has been built or prior to major modifications.
Diagram of a chip log attached to a log-line and reel on a ship. A chip log, also called common log, [1] ship log, or just log, is a navigation tool mariners use to estimate the speed of a vessel through water. The word knot, to mean nautical mile per hour, derives from this measurement method.
For the International rule, the rating number is approximately equal to the sailing length of the hull. These boats have long overhangs which allow the waterline length to increase as the boat heels over. A displacement hull's maximum speed (the hull speed) is directly proportional to the square root of its waterline length. [2] The first ...
Sailing hydrofoils achieve boat speeds up to twice the speed of the wind, as did the AC72 catamarans used for the 2013 America's Cup. [20] Ice boats can sail up to five times the speed of the wind. [21] [22] Lateral force is a reaction supplied by the underwater shape of a sailboat, the blades of an ice boat and the wheels of a land sailing craft.
The boat has a draft of 7.42 ft (2.26 m) with the standard keel fitted. The boat is fitted with a Universal M-25 diesel engine of 30 hp (22 kW). The fuel tank holds 40 U.S. gallons (150 L; 33 imp gal) and the fresh water tank has a capacity of 40 U.S. gallons (150 L; 33 imp gal). The boat has hull speed of 7.44 kn (13.78 km/h).
The boat was built by Beneteau in France starting in 1995, with 848 examples completed, but it is now out of production. [1] [3] [4] [5] The Oceanis 321 design was also sold under the names Moorings 321, Moorings 322, Stardust 322 and Stardust 323. The Oceanis 321 Clipper was a version with many options included as standard equipment. [1] [3]
SailTimer is a technology for sailboat navigation, which calculates optimal tacking angles, distances and times. Seafarers have had a dilemma for as long as sailboats could use lift to sail upwind. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Should you head off the wind more, to get more speed (but at a longer distance)?