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The following list of known freshwater fish species, subspecies, and hybrids occurring in the U.S. state of Idaho is taken from Wydoski and Whitney (2003). Some scientific names have been updated or corrected. Asterisks denote introduced fishes. The list includes several anadromous species.
Historically, cutthroat trout was considered one species (Oncorhynchus clarkii).[2] [9] However, recent genetic, taxonomic, and geologic [10] evidence has determined that cutthroat trout should be divided into four species, with each (except for the coastal cutthroat) having multiple subspecies corresponding to the evolutionary lineages [11] found within major river basins.
Bear River cutthroat trout O. v. ssp. Native to the Bear River watershed at the Idaho, Utah, and Wyoming border. The Bear River cutthroat were lumped with the Bonneville cutthroat as a single subspecies until recently. [13] [5] Genetic studies show they are actually more closely related to the Yellowstone cutthroat than to the Bonneville cutthroat.
Native only to a few U.S. states, their original range was upstream of Shoshone Falls on the Snake River and tributaries in Wyoming, also across the Continental Divide in Yellowstone Lake and in the Yellowstone River as well as its tributaries downstream to the Tongue River in Montana. [2] The species is also found in Idaho, Utah and Nevada. [3]
Among the birds along the river are Canada geese, swans, eagles, osprey and great blue herons. Wild turkeys are seen at lower elevations. More rare are mountain lions, snow geese, mountain goats, and harlequin ducks. Cutthroat trout, rainbow trout, chinook salmon and steelhead are among the fish living in the river. [9]
This is an incomplete list of the species of mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and fish found in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area in central Idaho. [1] Gray wolves were reintroduced to central Idaho in the 1990s while grizzly bears have been extirpated from the area, and plans to reintroduce them have been abandoned.
The Snake River fine-spotted cutthroat trout is a form of the cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) that is considered either as a separate subspecies O. c. behnkei, or as a variety of the Yellowstone cutthroat trout (O. c. bouvieri).
Analysis by Robert Benhke, Eric Wagner, and Steve Culver proved the species to be a presumably introduced population of Sunapee trout. Later research found reports of a trout egg trade between the Idaho and the New Hampshire Fish and Game departments. [4] They are reportedly found in two Idaho bodies of water, Alice and Sawtooth Lakes.