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A freemartin or free-martin (sometimes martin heifer) is an infertile cow with masculinized behavior and non-functioning ovaries. [1] Phenotypically, the animal appears female, but various aspects of female reproductive development are altered due to acquisition of anti-Müllerian hormone from the male twin . [ 2 ]
In all cattle species, a female twin of a bull usually becomes infertile due to intrauterine exposure to high testosterone levels. She is functionally a partial intersex, and is commonly called a freemartin. A wild, young, unmarked bull is known as a micky in Australia. [7] An unbranded bovine of either sex is called a maverick in the US and ...
If the twins are a male–female pair, then XX/XY microchimerism results, and male hormones partially masculinize the heifer (female), creating a martin heifer or freemartin. Freemartins appear female, but are infertile and so cannot be used for breeding or dairy production. Microchimerism provides a method of diagnosing the condition, because ...
There are also species-specific anomalies in sex cord development. Freemartin cattle are one notable phenomenon of abnormal gonad development. [17] [18] These are genetically female cattle that develop testicle-like structures in replacement of ovaries due to exchange of blood during development in parabiosis with male twin(s). [17] [18]
If you haven’t told a friend what they mean to you lately, seize the moment. “A lot of friendships are born out of fun,” Williams-Abaku points out. “Knowing that a friendship is more than ...
The earliest known, full-length opera composed by a Black American, “Morgiane,” will premiere this week in Washington, DC, Maryland and New York more than century after it was completed.
Imagine spending your weekends free of chores. Forget about the laundry, the dishes, and tidying up. It’s all been taken care of. And the one responsible is an amalgamation of motors, wires, and ...
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