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Environmental toxicology is a multidisciplinary field of science concerned with the study of the harmful effects of various chemical, biological and physical agents on living organisms. [1] [2] Ecotoxicology is a subdiscipline of environmental toxicology concerned with studying the harmful effects of toxicants at the population and ecosystem ...
Toxicology is a scientific discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, that involves the study of the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms [1] and the practice of diagnosing and treating exposures to toxins and toxicants. The relationship between dose and its effects on the exposed organism ...
A toxin is a naturally occurring poison [1] produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. [2] They occur especially as proteins, often conjugated. [3] The term was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919) [4] and is derived from the word "toxic".
A toxicant is any toxic substance, whether artificial or naturally occurring. [1] By contrast, a toxin is a poison produced naturally by an organism (e.g. plant, animal, insect). [2] The different types of toxicants [3] can be found in the air, soil, water, or food. [4]
Toxicology Research. Toxicol. Res. Toxicology Research is a publication of Oxford University Press as of 2020. The Journal launched in 2012 and focuses on articles that cover biological, chemical, clinical, or environmental health aspects of the toxic response and the mechanisms involved. [1]
The discipline of evidence-based toxicology (EBT) strives to transparently, consistently, and objectively assess available scientific evidence in order to answer questions in toxicology, the study of the adverse effects of chemical, physical, or biological agents on living organisms and the environment, including the prevention and amelioration of such effects.
The Journal of Applied Toxicology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 1981 by John Wiley & Sons.It covers all aspects of toxicology and publishes reviews and research articles on mechanistic, fundamental, and applied research relating to the toxicity of drugs and chemicals at the molecular, cellular, tissue, target organ, and whole body level, both in vivo (by all ...
Toxicodynamics, termed pharmacodynamics in pharmacology, describes the dynamic interactions of a toxicant with a biological target and its biological effects. [1] A biological target, also known as the site of action, can be binding proteins, ion channels, DNA, or a variety of other receptors. When a toxicant enters an organism, it can interact ...