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Pulmonology. End stage pulmonary disease ( ESPD) [2] is the result of chronic progressive lung diseases like COPD, [3] idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or systemic progressive diseases that affect the lungs such as cystic fibrosis or granulomatosis with polyangiitis. It is defined as when the lungs can no longer or barely remove enough carbon ...
3.2 million (2019) [ 3] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by long-term respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. [ 8] GOLD 2024 defined COPD as a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms ( dyspnea or shortness of breath, cough, sputum production ...
464.3 Epiglottitis, acute. 464.4 Croup. 465 Acute upper respiratory infections of multiple or unspecified sites. 465.9 Upper respiratory infection, acute, NOS. 466 Acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis. 466.0 Bronchitis, acute. 466.11 Bronchiolitis, acute, due to RSV.
122,000 (2015) [ 2] Interstitial lung disease ( ILD ), or diffuse parenchymal lung disease ( DPLD ), [ 3] is a group of respiratory diseases affecting the interstitium (the tissue) and space around the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs. [ 4] It concerns alveolar epithelium, pulmonary capillary endothelium, basement membrane, and perivascular and ...
Emphysema is any air-filled enlargement in the body's tissues. [ 5] Most commonly emphysema refers to the permanent enlargement of air spaces ( alveoli) in the lungs, [ 5][ 6] and is also known as pulmonary emphysema . Emphysema is a lower respiratory tract disease, [ 7] characterised by enlarged air-filled spaces in the lungs, that can vary in ...
Respiratory failure results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide, or both cannot be kept at normal levels. A drop in the oxygen carried in the blood is known as hypoxemia; a rise in arterial carbon dioxide levels is called hypercapnia. Respiratory failure is classified as ...
Coccidioidomycosis is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in the endemic areas of the United States. [ 4] Infections usually occur due to inhalation of the arthroconidial spores after soil disruption. [ 4] The disease is not contagious. [ 4] In some cases the infection may recur or become chronic.
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease ( PVOD) is a rare form of pulmonary hypertension caused by progressive blockage of the small veins in the lungs. [ 2] The blockage leads to high blood pressures in the arteries of the lungs, which, in turn, leads to heart failure. The disease is progressive and fatal, with median survival of about 2 years from ...